1. Proteins

2. 20 different types amino acids
Proteins
Made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
Monomer is the
amino acids
amino
acid –
20 different types amino acids
There’s 20 of us…
like 20 different letters in an alphabet! Can make lots of different words
—N— H |
—C—
C—OH || O
variable group

3. Linking amino acids together

4. Amino acid chains Proteins amino acids chained into a polymer

5. There are 20 different amino acids grouped by R group properties

6. Water-fearing amino acids
Hydrophobic (Polar or Non-polar?)
“water fearing” amino acids
try to get away from water in cell
the protein folds
What color are hydrophobic amino acids?

7. Water-loving amino acids
Hydrophillic
“water loving” amino acids
try to stay in water in cell
the protein folds
What color are hydrophilic amino acids?

8. For proteins: SHAPE matters!
Proteins fold & twist into 3-D shape
that’s what happens in the cell!
Different shapes = different jobs
growth hormone
hemoglobin
pepsin
collagen

9. It’s SHAPE that matters!
Proteins do their jobs, because of their shape
Unfolding a protein destroys its shape
wrong shape = can’t do its job
unfolding proteins = “denature”
temperature
pH (acidity)
unfolded “denatured”
folded

10. Proteins Function: many, many functions hormones movement
signals from one body system to another
insulin
movement
muscle
immune system
protect against germs
enzymes
help chemical reactions