1. The Industrial Revolution Part II

2. Social Effects Urbanization Factory wages increase
People moved to where jobs were available
Agricultural jobs lost to new inventions, etc.
Factory wages increase
Women and children leave the workforce
Children still used in coal mines
Rise of the Middle Class
In both size and political power

3. Impact on Women Creation of ‘traditional family’, gender roles
Women were expected to stay home
Raise children, take care of the home
Single women became teachers, secretaries, telephone operators
No suffrage until after WWI

4. Additional Effects Increased focus on compulsory education
To supervise children who were not working
Overcrowding in cities led to:
Higher crime
Pollution
Illness
Lack of sanitation
Discontent
Government Reform

5. Art and Literature
Shift from Romanticism (inspiration, individualism) to Realism
Invention of the Camera
Writing topics changed
Charles Dickens
A Christmas Carol

6.  Romanticism
Realism 

7. Impact on the World Massive immigration Multinational Corporations
Europe to Americas
Japan to Americas
Multinational Corporations
Businesses that operated throughout world
British/Dutch East India Companies
US Fruit companies in Latin America
Global currency exchange rates
Establishment of gold standard for currency

8. The Second Revolution Steam to Gas (Latter 1800s, early 1900s)
Innovation continues
Electricity
Scientific discovery/medicine
Mechanization of warfare
Communication
Telegraph (USA- 1840s)
Telephone (USA- 1876)
Transportation
Electric trolleys/subways
(Mass Transit)
Automobiles (1880s)

9. Science and Medicine Chemistry Medicine Government control
How nature works
Creation of new compounds
Medicine
Vaccinations
Rabies, Smallpox (finally!)
Aspirin
Anesthesia
Government control
Sanitation, clean drinking water
Longer lifespans

10. Science vs. Religion Charles Darwin Evolution vs. Creationism
Natural selection, not God, determined viability
Survival of the fittest
Social Darwinism
Evolution vs. Creationism

11. Capitalism vs. Socialism
Capitalism - an economic/political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state. Socialism – a political/economic theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole.

12. Marxism
Marxism is the system of socialism of which the dominant feature is public ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange.

13. Marxism Continued…
Under capitalism, the worker (proletariat) owns only their labor and has no control over production/distribution
Communism - a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs.
“From each according to his ability, to each according to his need.”