1. Industrial Revolution: Radical Responses

2. Question: How should society address the concerns of industrialization?

3. Solution?: Do Nothing

4. Who Support this? Capitalists
Gov’t should take a “hands-off” approach to economy
Businesses should be free to make $$ any way they can
Free markets and supply and demand determine prices, wages, etc.

5. Why? Rules and regulations prevent businesses from making $$
Rules and regulations take away individual freedom

6. Capitalism helps spark IR
Innovation!
More goods!
Cheaper goods!
Ability to make lots of $$$!
Great Exhibition of 1851

7. But…

8. Many blame capitalism for problems of the IR

9. Solution? Reorganize Society

10. Who also Supports this? Socialists
Gov’t’s role is to help make society more equal
Gov’t should regulate economy in order to end this inequality

11. How to achieve socialist change?

12. How? Evolutionary Socialism
Change comes through reform via peaceful democratic processes
Socialism and democracy can work together.
Socialists work within the system and push for legislative change
Democratic governments should promote economic - as well as political - freedom & equality.

13. Socialist Parties Emerge
UK:
Fabian Socialists: late 1800s; morphs into Labour Party in early 1900s
Germany:
Social Democrats: late 1800s;push for working class reforms
France:
French Socialist Party; late 1800s-1900s

14. How? Marxist Revolution!

15. Karl Marx
Karl Marx published Communist Manifesto in 1848 with co-author Frederick Engels.
Critical of changes made by Industrial Revolution

16. Karl Marx’s key ideas Society’s problems comes from class conflict
19th century conflict: bourgeoisie (haves) v. proletariat (have-nots)
Ind Rev has exacerbated class divisions
Solution: End class division
How? Revolution!!!
Result: Perfect classless society

17. Step #1: Violent Revolution!!!!
Proletariat must join together: “Workers of the world, unite!”
Proletariat will then overthrow the bourgeoisie!!

18. Step #2: State socialism
Proletariat takes over government and creates temporary dictatorship
Dictatorship forces changes in order to reshape society (redistribution of $$ and resources)
How long will it last? Unknown

19. Step #3: Communism!!! Everyone has $$ and resources needed
No need for central government; everyone shares wealth
Class divisions eliminated
Society’s problems go away

20. Where First?

21. Then the world….

22. And Eventually: Global Communist Utopia