1. South Africa

3. South Africa… South Africa achieved independence from Britain in 1910.
Racial breakdown-
White - 16%
Black - 70%
Other - 14% mixed

4. South Africa…
In 1948 the Nationalist party came to power in South Africa.
Mostly descended from Dutch settlers who favored segregation.

5. Apartheid
The Nationalist party established a strict legal system of apartheid, or the rigid separation of races.

6. Apartheid All South Africans were categorized according to their race.
Races were kept separate
Nonwhites could not vote.
Nonwhites could not live in white areas.

7. Passbook

8. Apartheid…
Supporters believed it would allow each group to develop its own culture
80% of land remained in white hands.
VS.

9. Apartheid Enforced a system of inequality. Bathrooms Beaches
Restaurants
Schools

11. Apartheid at a sporting event…

12. Struggle Against Apartheid
Many black leaders demonstrated against Apartheid.
Nelson Mandela
Archbishop Desmond Tutu
Steve Biko
Both encouraged Nonviolent resistance to voice their views.

13. Peaceful demonstrations

14. “Sharpeville Massacre”
During a peaceful demonstration police opened fire killing more than 60 people.

16. Nelson Mandela Gov. banned groups that opposed apartheid
Black leaders like Nelson Mandela went into hiding.
In 1964 he was captured and placed in prison for life.

17. Bantu Authorities Act
Set up as reservations for blacks in S.A. – called “Bantustans”
These were “independent” black nations within S.A.
Blacks were stripped of their S.A. citizenship and voting rights

18. Bantu Authorities Act Amounted to 13% of the land of S.A.
Whites set up corrupt tribal leaders enforce the system on blacks
Law of 1970 made all blacks in S.A. citizens of the “homelands.”
Forced 3.5 million blacks into these “homelands” from the 1950s-1980s
Idea was to remove all blacks from S.A.

19. Struggle Against Apartheid
South African police used violence to suppress protests.

20. Soweto 1970

21. Outside Pressure
The rest of the world demanded South Africa to change its ways.
OAU - urged members to boycott
UN placed arms embargo
Olympic Committee banned S.A. from competition.
Many nations (U.S.) imposed economic sanctions on S.A.

22. Steps toward change…Ending Apartheid
By mid 1980s changes were taking place
Gov. repealed pass laws
In 1989 F.W. de Klerk lifted ban on groups who opposed Apartheid
Mandela was freed in 1991.

23. A new South Africa
New constitution was written in early 1990s to guarantee rights for all
Mandela becomes new president

24. South Africa’s future Mandela retired in 1999.
Thabo Mbeki became new President
Still many issues in country
Corruption in gov.
Economic issues
AIDS is rampant in S.A.

25. South Africa’s future
Jacob Zuma won presidential election April 2009 (landslide ANC victory)
Been charged of corruption, but acquitted
Had been accused of rape, but acquitted