1. 4 Lecture Notes Infectious and Communicable Diseases
Classroom Activity to Accompany Diseases of the Human Body Fifth Edition
Carol D. Tamparo Marcia A. Lewis

2. Copyright © 2011 by F. A. Davis Company. All rights reserved
Copyright © 2011 by F.A. Davis Company. All rights reserved. This product is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise—without written permission from the publisher.

3. What is to give light must endure burning.
—Victor Frankl

4. Infectious and Communicable Diseases
Infectious disease is caused by a microorganism that can transfer to new individuals
Communicable disease is readily transmitted from one individual to another

5. Infectious and Communicable Diseases
Pandemics
H1N1(swine flu): mixture of pig, bird, and human viruses
Escherichia coli: bacteria in intestinal tract of humans and animals
Lyme disease: caused by tick-borne spirochete
West Nile virus: comes from an infected mosquito that causes encephalitis in horses and humans

6. Infectious and Communicable Diseases
Pandemics (cont.)
Malaria: protozoa from an infected mosquito; parasites travel to liver; change to merozites that enter and destroy red blood cells
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS): viral respiratory illness

7. Infectious and Communicable Diseases
Which term refers to a disease that is readily transmitted from one individual to another?
Communicable
Pandemic
Infectious
Noninfectious

8. Infectious and Communicable Diseases
Infectious disease as potential weapons
Anthrax: acute bacterial infection that can occur in three forms
Cutaneous, intestinal, or inhalation
Botulism: bacteria that causes muscle paralysis
Plague (pneumonic): bacteria that spreads through respiratory secretions

9. Infectious and Communicable Diseases
Infectious disease as potential weapons (cont.)
Smallpox (variola): variola pox virus spreads through respiratory secretion
Tularemia (rabbit or deer-fly fever): bacteria that causes pneumonia-like infection
Viral hemorrhagic fevers: highly infectious viruses that damage multiple organ systems

10. Infectious and Communicable Diseases
Viral infections
Common cold: virus of upper respiratory tract; also called coryza
Influenza: acute viral infection of the respiratory system
Multidrug-resistant organisms
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Penicillin resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (PRSP)

11. Infectious and Communicable Diseases
Immunosuppressant diseases
Chronic fatigue syndrome: persistent, debilitating fatigue; also called benign myalgic encephalomyelitis
HIV infection/AIDS: viral infection that destroys the T4 lymphocytes

12. Infectious and Communicable Diseases
Infectious and communicable diseases of childhood and adolescence
Infectious diarrheal disease: generally transmitted through fecal-oral route; 20 million cases a year
Rubeola (measles): highly communicable respiratory infection; prevented by vaccine

13. Infectious and Communicable Diseases
Infectious and communicable diseases of childhood and adolescence (cont.)
Rubella (3-day measles): caused by rubella virus characterized by fever and rash; dangerous to pregnant women
Mumps: characterized by fever and inflammation of the parotid salivary glands caused by mumps paramyxovirus; prevented by vaccine

14. Infectious and Communicable Diseases
Infectious and communicable diseases of childhood and adolescence (cont.)
Varicella (chickenpox): varicella-zoster virus causes rash that goes from macule to papule to vesicles then crusts; prevented by vaccine; happens as shingles in later life
Erythema infectiosum (Fifth disease): caused by human parvovirus B19; transmitted by respiratory secretions characterized by facial rash

15. Infectious and Communicable Diseases
Infectious and communicable diseases of childhood and adolescence (cont.)
Pertussis (whooping cough): bacteria causes highly infectious respiratory disease with a repetitious, paroxysmal cough and prolonged harsh or shrill sound during inhalation; prevented by vaccine

16. Infectious and Communicable Diseases
Immunizations: protection against certain communicable disease
Vaccine: suspension of infectious agents, components of the agents, or genetically engineered antigens given for purpose of establishing resistance to an infectious disease
Two general classes of vaccines
Live attenuated agent
Inactivated agents obtained through genetic mutation

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