1. Review #4: The Civil War & Reconstruction
Pg. 22 & 23

2. Northern v. Southern Economies
North – moved away from slavery to factories due to climate
South – climate & cotton gin caused slavery to become more entrenched

3. Missouri Compromise (1820)
Slavery is banned in the land acquired through the Louisiana Purchase ABOVE the 36° 30’
Missouri = slave state (12)
Maine = free state (12)
Purpose?
Establish regulations for the extension of slavery
Impact?
1st time the U.S. compromises over slavery
later overturned by Dred Scott v. Sanford

4. Compromise of 1850 California is free state
FUGITIVE SLAVE LAW- required that escaped slaves be returned to owner
Popular sovereignty (vote of people) would determine whether territory in Mexican Cession would be slave or free

5. Kansas-Nebraska Act / Bleeding Kansas
Overturned Missouri Compromise (1820)
Popular Sovereignty – Allowed people to determine slave or free state in Kansas and Nebraska
Bleeding Kansas – people for and against slavery rushed into Kansas  violence erupted

6. Election of 1860 (Lincoln) 1860 States were divided
Election of Lincoln (opposed to the extension of slavery) drove Southerners to threaten succession

7. Reconstruction reincorporate the Southern states & restore the union
lasted from 1865 to 1877
required rebuilding the nation’s economy & government

8. White Control of the South
Black Codes:
Secret Societies:
Poll Taxes:
Literacy Tests:
Grandfather Clauses:
Jim Crow Laws:
Tried to keep conditions close to slavery for African Americans in the South
Required that citizens demonstrate that they could read & write before voting (Constitution)
Ku Klux Klan formed to frighten people (African Americans) from participating in government
Son or grandson of a man that could vote can vote
Social segregation (separation); cannot share facilities like water fountains or railroad cars
Tax on every voter; those people too poor could not vote