1. Biochemical Processes of Living Things
Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis

2. I. Introduction:
_____________ processes are the chemical processes that occur in all living things.
Two of these processes are _____________ _____________ and _____________. They are both controlled by _____________.
_____________ ______________ is carried out by _____________ organisms.
______________ is carried out by _____________ _____________ and some single-celled organisms.
Biochemical
Cellular
Respiration
Photosynthesis
Enzymes
Cellular
Respiration
All
Photosynthesis
Green
Plants
Euglena

3. Cellular Respiration:
You learned that when you eat foods that are carbohydrates (bread and pasta) they are broken down by your ____________ ______________.
They are broken down into ____________ ____________ (glucose)
The bonds of glucose are then broken by a series of ____________ ______________ _____________ to form energy.
This energy is captured into the bonds of the High Energy Molecule known as ____________ (Adenosine Triphosphate)
This energy is used by the organism for it’s ______________ ______________
digestive
system
simple
sugars
Enzyme
controlled
reactions
ATP
Life
Activities

4. ATP and ADP are compounds that are found in all cells.
Diagram of ATP
II A. The ATP/ADP Cycle:
ATP and ADP are compounds that are found in all cells.
The D in ADT is for Diphosphate or ________ phosphates.
The T in ATP is for Triphosphates or ________ phosphates.
ADP and ATP are converted back and forth as a ____________ is added or removed. 2 3
Phosphate (P)

5. We get energy to put the third phosphate on to ADP by burning _____________. The most common food that is burned is ____________.
Food
Glucose

6. ATP 100% Renewable Energy
All living things rely on one source of energy to do all things from building molecules to flexing muscles = ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate). Breaking down ATP releases energy and cells constantly replace their ATP by attaching a spare phosphate onto ADP. The energy from that comes from food we eat (animals) or make (plants). Enzymes control the breaking and making of ATP

7. II. B Two Types of Respiration:
There are two ways to burn glucose (two types of respiration)
Anaerobic Respiration does NOT use ____________. This is also called ____________.
Aerobic Respiration USES _____________
II. C Anaerobic Respiration (fermentation)
Some cells lack the _____________ necessary for aerobic respiration and other cells like your muscle cells change to anaerobic respiration when oxygen is lacking
Oxygen
Fermentation
Oxygen
Enzymes

8. Both of these form only ______________ ATP molecules.
The enzymes necessary for this type of respiration are located in the ____________ of the cells.
In Anaerobic respiration ____________ is partially broken down by the ____________ to form either ____________ ____________ or ____________ _____________ and _____________.
Both of these form only ______________ ATP molecules.
____________ and ___________ ___________ cells form the lactic acid and 2 ATP.
____________ form the alcohol and carbon dioxide and 2 ATP.
cytoplasm
Glucose
enzymes
Lactic
Acid
Carbon
Dioxide
Alcohol 2
Bacteria
Human
Muscle
Yeast
Glucose Lactic Acid + 2 ATP or
Glucose alcohol + 2CO2 + 2ATP

9. II D. Aerobic Respiration:
Most organisms are more complex and need more _______________to perform their life activities than anaerobic respiration can produce.
Aerobic respiration occurs in the cell organelle called the ____________.
ATP
Mitchondria

10. In Aerobic Respiration ____________ is completely broken down in a series of _____________ controlled reactions to form _____________ _____________ and ____________ and _________ ATP molecules.
Glucose
Enzyme
Carbon
Dioxide
Water 36
+ 36 ATP

11. Anaerobic Respiration
II E. Comparison Chart for Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration
Anaerobic Respiration
Aerobic Respiration
Takes place in the
__________________
Takes place in the ______________________________
2. No ______________
Requires ______________
3. Less efficient ( _______ ATP)
More efficient ( _______ ATP)
4. Waste products: ____________ __________ or ______________ and _______________ ________________.
Waste products: ______________ ______________ and ______________
5. Time frame: ___________
Time frame: _____________
6. Glucose breakdown is _________________
Glucose breakdown is _______________.
cytoplasm
Mitchondria
oxygen
oxygen 2 36
lactic
Carbon
acid
alcohol
dioxide
carbon
water
dioxide
24/7
24/7
partial
complete

12. III. Photosynthesis:
The energy for life primarily comes from the _____________.
Photosynthesis is biochemical food-making process that provides a connection between the ____________ and _____________ needs of living things.
During _____________ solar energy is used to combine _____________ molecules of ____________ _____________ and ____________ into energy rich organic compounds such as ____________.
Sun
sun
energy
Photosynthesis
inorganic
Carbon
dioxide
water
Glucose

13. This process releases ____________ into the environment.
Photosynthesis is a type of nutrition called ___________ nutrition.
III A. Location for Photosynthesis
Green _____________ cells and and some __________ celled organisms contain ____________ this organelle is involved in the process of ___________.
____________ are located mainly in the _________ of green plants.
Oxygen
Autotrophic
Plant
Single
Chloroplasts
Photosynthesis
Chloroplasts
leaves

14. ___________ are located in the cytoplasm and contain the green pigment _____________.
___________ along with ____________ are necessary for the food-making process of ____________.
The __________ is considered the ‘food factory’ of photosynthetic plants.
The leaf has many ____________ ____________ that make it well adapted for the process of photosynthesis
Chloroplasts
chlorophyll
Chlorophyll
enzymes
Photosynthesis
Leaf
specialized
structures

15. Leaves are arranged on stems, so that they can receive the maximum ____________ absorption
Leaves have ____________ and _________ __________ for gas exchange.
The majority of chloroplasts are located in the __________ __________.
___________ __________ are bean shaped structures located around stomates which contain ____________ and ___________ the opening and closing of the stomates.
Light
Stomates
air
spaces
spongy
layer
Guard
cells
chloroplasts
regulate

16. Leaf cross section
Stomata and guard cells

17. III b. Chemistry of Photosynthesis:
Photosynthesis involves ____________ __________
in which __________ __________ and __________ are converted into sugar molecules. ___________ gas is a by-product.
Besides __________ photosynthesis also requires ____________ and __________.
chemical
reactions
carbon
dioxide
water
Oxygen
light
chlorophyll
Enzymes

18. + + + 6 6 6 Sexy Sally Sun Phyll the Chlorophyll Molecule
Splits H2O to give off O2 6 + + + 6 6 12
NADP Train
A carrier molecule that picks up H2 and combines
It with CO2 to make PGAL, a sugar which will then
Form the sugar glucose

19. III c. Factors that influence The Rate of Photosynthesis:
Photosynthesis occurs best at 350 Celsius. Above this _________ the enzymes are destroyed (denatured)
temperature
__________ intensity.
____________ ____________ increases the rate up to a point.
__________ shortage decreases photosynthesis.
Light
Carbon
Dioxide
Water

20. The End