1. Earth’s Interior
Rock Cycle
Plate Tectonics
Geo. Time
Challenge
100
100
100
100
200
200
200
200
200
400
300
300
300
300
600
400
400
400
400
800
500
500
500
500
1000

2. The layer of the earth that we live on is called the ______-

3. crust

4. The layer of the earth below the crust is called the ________

5. Mantle

6. The earth has a magnetic field due to an outer core that is made mostly of liquid __________.

7. iron

8. Due to immense pressure, the earth’s inner core is in what phase?

9. solid

10. The asthenosphere is actually part of which other, larger, layer of the earth’s interior?

11. mantle

12. Which rock type is made out of material that has been eroded or weathered away from other rocks?

13. Sedimentary

14. Which rock type forms from magma?

15. igneous

16. Which rock type forms when a rock is put under pressure and heat?

17. Metamorphic

18. The lava flows in Hawaii are an example of which type of rock forming in a modern environment?

19. igneous

20. Limestone is formed when microscopic sea critters with calcium-based shells fall to the sea floor after dying. They pile up and eventually turn into rock. Which rock type would this be?

21. Sedimentary

22. The mid-Atlantic rift is an example of which type of plate boundary?

23. Divergent (oceanic-oceanic)

24. The Himalaya Mountains are formed by which type of plate boundary?

25. Convergent (continental-continental)

26. Which of these is a reasonable rate for tectonic plate movement?
2 cm/day
2 cm/year
1 m/day
1 m/year

27. b) 2 cm/year

28. The Andes mountains are an example of an oceanic plate being pulled under a continental plate. Another name for this is _________.

29. Subduction

30. Hawaii and its related chain of Pacific Islands were created as a tectonic plate moved over a mantle __________.

31. hotspot

32. In this diagram, which type of rock is the oldest?

33. Granite

34. Name one of the three geologic time periods when the dinosaurs lived on earth.

35. Triassic, jurassic, or cretaceous

36. The fossil worm burrows that we found in the sandstone during the field trip are which type of fossil?

37. Trace fossils

38. Using radioactive elements rates of decay to determine the age of a rock or fossil is ____________ dating.

39. absolute

40. When the original rocks are tilted, eroded, then covered by new rocks it is called an angular ____________.

41. unconformity

42. The study of fossils is called _________________.

43. paleontology

44. What feature on the earth’s surface is formed when two oceanic plates converge?

45. An ocean trench

46. The shapes of which two continents' coastlines led to early suggestions they had been joined at one time?

47. South America and Africa

48. The divisions of the geologic timetable are based upon ______________?

49. Extinctions (fossil evidence)

50. A theory first proposed in 1912 by German scientist _________ __________ – was called “continental drift”

51. Alfred Wegener