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(the making of protein)

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1 (the making of protein)
Protein Synthesis (the making of protein) Please get your assignments in the lab area.

2 RNA DNA double strand single strand shape Thymine, A, C, G
deoxyribose nucleus only codes for protein shape base sugar location function single strand Uracil, A, C, G ribose nucleus, cytoplasm assembles protein

3 Proteins are important components of hair, nails, blood (hemoglobin), muscles, hormones, enzymes, etc.

4 Protein...

5 Amino acids (proteins are made of just 20)

6 Proteins are made of chains of amino acids

7

8 Protein notes

9 amino acids ...peptide bonds

10 amino acids ...peptide bonds

11 amino acids ...peptide bonds
structure

12 amino acids ...peptide bonds
structure chemical reactions

13 amino acids ...peptide bonds
structure chemical reactions regulate and coordinate

14 amino acids ...peptide bonds
structure chemical reactions regulate and coordinate bacteria and viruses

15 amino acids ...peptide bonds
structure chemical reactions regulate and coordinate bacteria and viruses move

16 amino acids ...peptide bonds
structure chemical reactions regulate and coordinate bacteria and viruses move amino acids

17 amino acids ...peptide bonds
7. gene structure chemical reactions regulate and coordinate bacteria and viruses move amino acids

18 amino acids ...peptide bonds
7. gene 8. ACTG structure chemical reactions regulate and coordinate bacteria and viruses move amino acids

19 amino acids ...peptide bonds
7. gene 8. ACTG 9. codon structure chemical reactions regulate and coordinate bacteria and viruses move amino acids

20 amino acids ...peptide bonds
7. gene 8. ACTG 9. codon 10. transcription structure chemical reactions regulate and coordinate bacteria and viruses move amino acids

21 amino acids ...peptide bonds
7. gene 8. ACTG 9. codon 10. transcription 11. translation structure chemical reactions regulate and coordinate bacteria and viruses move amino acids

22 Mini-Review: DNA codes for what? What bases does DNA have? Proteins are made of what? How many amino acids are used in proteins? Why are proteins so darn important? What do they do?

23 To create a product you need ...

24 To create a product you need ...
An office: a place to keep instructions and direct operations.

25 To create a product you need ...
An office: a place to keep instructions and direct operations. A factory: where the product is assembled.

26 To create a product you need ...
An office: a place to keep instructions and direct operations. A messenger: to deliver instructions to the factory A factory: where the product is assembled.

27 To create a product you need ...
An office: a place to keep instructions and direct operations. A warehouse: where parts and supplies are stored. A messenger: to deliver instructions to the factory A factory: where the product is assembled.

28 To create a product you need ...
An office: a place to keep instructions and direct operations. A "transferrer": to bring needed parts and supplies A warehouse: where parts and supplies are stored. A messenger: to deliver instructions to the factory A factory: where the product is assembled.

29 To create a product, you need ...
A warehouse: where parts and supplies are stored. An office: a place to keep instructions and direct operations. A messenger: to deliver instructions to the factory A factory: where the product is assembled. A "transferrer": to bring needed parts and supplies

30 To create a product, you need ...
A warehouse: where parts and supplies are stored. An office: a place to keep instructions and direct operations. A messenger: to deliver instructions to the factory A factory: where the product is assembled. A "transferrer": to bring needed parts and supplies To create a protein, a cell needs ...

31 To create a product, you need ...
A warehouse: where parts and supplies are stored. An office: a place to keep instructions and direct operations. A messenger: to deliver instructions to the factory A factory: where the product is assembled. A "transferrer": to bring needed parts and supplies To create a protein, a cell needs ... A nucleus: where instructions (DNA) is located..

32 To create a product, you need ...
A warehouse: where parts and supplies are stored. An office: a place to keep instructions and direct operations. A messenger: to deliver instructions to the factory A factory: where the product is assembled. A "transferrer": to bring needed parts and supplies To create a protein, a cell needs ... A nucleus: where instructions (DNA) is located.. A ribosome: where amino acids are assembled into proteins

33 To create a product, you need ...
A warehouse: where parts and supplies are stored. An office: a place to keep instructions and direct operations. A messenger: to deliver instructions to the factory A factory: where the product is assembled. A "transferrer": to bring needed parts and supplies To create a protein, a cell needs ... A nucleus: where instructions (DNA) is located.. Messenger RNA: transcribes DNA's info and delivers it to a ribosome A ribosome: where amino acids are assembled into proteins

34 To create a product, you need ...
A warehouse: where parts and supplies are stored. An office: a place to keep instructions and direct operations. A messenger: to deliver instructions to the factory A factory: where the product is assembled. A "transferrer": to bring needed parts and supplies To create a protein, a cell needs ... Cytoplasm: where there's a supply of amino acids A nucleus: where instructions (DNA) is located.. Messenger RNA: transcribes DNA's info and delivers it to a ribosome A ribosome: where amino acids are assembled into proteins

35 To create a product, you need ...
A warehouse: where parts and supplies are stored. An office: a place to keep instructions and direct operations. A messenger: to deliver instructions to the factory A factory: where the product is assembled. A "transferrer": to bring needed parts and supplies To create a protein, a cell needs ... Cytoplams: where there's a supply of amino acids A nucleus: where instructions (DNA) is located.. Messenger RNA: transcribes DNA's info and delivers it to a ribosome A ribosome: where amino acids are assembled into proteins Transfer RNA: brings amino acids, in the right order, to the ribosome

36 To create a product, you need ...
A warehouse: where parts and supplies are stored. An office: a place to keep instructions and direct operations. A messenger: to deliver instructions to the factory A factory: where the product is assembled. A "transferrer": to bring needed parts and supplies To create a protein, a cell needs ... Cytoplams: where there's a supply of amino acids A nucleus: where instructions (DNA) is located.. Messenger RNA: transcribes DNA's info and delivers it to a ribosome A ribosome: where amino acids are assembled into proteins Transfer RNA: brings amino acids, in the right order, to the ribosome

37 3 2 1

38

39 Transcription (DNA to RNA)

40 Mini-Review: What are the two steps of protein synthesis? Where is DNA located within a cell? What structure assembles proteins? Where are these protein-assembling structures in a cell? What molecule transcribes DNA's info and takes it to a ribosome? What are the three base sets that code for an amino acid -- in DNA? in mRNA? in tRNA? What does tRNA do?

41 DNA RNA Central Dogma Notes transcription 3 bases = a codon
3 bases = an anticodon

42 DNA RNA Central Dogma Notes transcription codes for protein
3 bases = a codon 3 bases = an anticodon

43 DNA RNA Central Dogma Notes transcription codes for protein in nucleus
3 bases = a codon 3 bases = an anticodon

44 DNA RNA Central Dogma Notes transcription codes for protein in nucleus
double stranded 3 bases = a codon 3 bases = an anticodon

45 DNA RNA Central Dogma Notes transcription codes for protein in nucleus
double stranded deoxyribose sugar 3 bases = a codon 3 bases = an anticodon

46 DNA RNA Central Dogma Notes transcription codes for protein in nucleus
double stranded deoxyribose sugar bases ACGT 3 bases = a codon 3 bases = an anticodon

47 DNA RNA Central Dogma Notes transcription codes for protein
assembles proteins in nucleus double stranded deoxyribose sugar bases ACGT 3 bases = a codon 3 bases = an anticodon

48 DNA RNA Central Dogma Notes transcription codes for protein
assembles proteins in nucleus single stranded double stranded deoxyribose sugar bases ACGT 3 bases = a codon 3 bases = an anticodon

49 DNA RNA Central Dogma Notes transcription codes for protein
assembles proteins in nucleus single stranded double stranded ribose sugar deoxyribose sugar bases ACGT 3 bases = a codon 3 bases = an anticodon

50 DNA RNA Central Dogma Notes transcription codes for protein
assembles proteins in nucleus single stranded double stranded ribose sugar deoxyribose sugar bases ACGU bases ACGT 3 bases = a codon 3 bases = an anticodon

51 DNA RNA Central Dogma Notes transcription codes for protein
assembles proteins in nucleus single stranded double stranded ribose sugar deoxyribose sugar bases ACGU bases ACGT mRNA 3 bases = a codon 3 bases = an anticodon

52 transcribes DNA codons
Central Dogma Notes transcription DNA RNA codes for protein assembles proteins in nucleus single stranded double stranded ribose sugar deoxyribose sugar bases ACGU bases ACGT mRNA transcribes DNA codons

53 transcribes DNA codons
Central Dogma Notes transcription DNA RNA codes for protein assembles proteins in nucleus single stranded double stranded ribose sugar deoxyribose sugar bases ACGU bases ACGT mRNA transcribes DNA codons 3 bases = a codon

54 transcribes DNA codons
Central Dogma Notes transcription DNA RNA codes for protein assembles proteins in nucleus single stranded double stranded ribose sugar deoxyribose sugar bases ACGU bases ACGT mRNA tRNA transcribes DNA codons 3 bases = a codon

55 DNA RNA Central Dogma Notes transcription codes for protein
assembles proteins in nucleus single stranded double stranded ribose sugar deoxyribose sugar bases ACGU bases ACGT mRNA tRNA transcribes DNA codons translates mRNA code to amino acids 3 bases = a codon

56 DNA RNA Central Dogma Notes transcription codes for protein
assembles proteins in nucleus single stranded double stranded ribose sugar deoxyribose sugar bases ACGU bases ACGT mRNA tRNA transcribes DNA codons translates mRNA code to amino acids 3 bases = a codon 3 bases = an anticodon

57 DNA RNA Central Dogma Notes transcription translation
codes for protein assembles proteins in nucleus single stranded double stranded ribose sugar deoxyribose sugar bases ACGU bases ACGT mRNA tRNA transcribes DNA codons translates mRNA code to amino acids 3 bases = a codon 3 bases = an anticodon

58 DNA RNA Central Dogma Notes transcription translation
codes for protein assembles proteins in nucleus single stranded double stranded ribose sugar deoxyribose sugar bases ACGU bases ACGT mRNA tRNA transcribes DNA codons translates mRNA code to amino acids 3 bases = a codon 3 bases = an anticodon

59 Protein translation Traits made of amino acids

60 Protein translation Traits made of amino acids peptide bonds

61 Protein Traits translation made of amino acids peptide bonds
provide structure

62 regulate chemical reactions
Protein translation Traits made of amino acids peptide bonds provide structure regulate chemical reactions

63 Protein Traits translation made of amino acids peptide bonds
provide structure regulate chemical reactions coordinate body functions

64 Protein Traits translation made of amino acids peptide bonds
provide structure regulate chemical reactions coordinate body functions movement

65 Protein Traits translation made of amino acids
inherited characteristics peptide bonds provide structure regulate chemical reactions coordinate body functions movement

66

67 Transcription:

68 Transcription:

69 Transcription:

70 Transcription:

71 Transcription:

72 Transcription:

73 Transcription: Transcription is complete. mRna's base info is ready to be translated into a chain of amino acids.

74 Mini-Review: What is the site of protein synthesis? What does mRNA contribute to the protein synthesis process? What are the three-base codes in DNA or mRNA called? What do we call the process by which information is transfered from DNA to mRNA? What are proteins made of? What is "protein synthesis?"

75 Protein Synthesis Video

76 DNA: ATG CAT GTT AAA GTA CGT ACT
mRNA: tRNA:

77 Vocab

78 Translation (RNA to Protein)

79 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.
ribosome

80 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.
ribosome

81 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.
tRNA mRNA

82 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

83 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

84 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

85 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

86 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

87 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

88 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

89 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

90 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

91 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

92 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

93 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

94 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

95 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

96 Transcription Review Answers
codes for proteins (there are other functions we'll discuss later) section of DNA that codes for a protein amino acids protect from invaders, regulate chemical reactions, coordinate body functions, movement DNA codon 20 nucleus cytoplasm ribosome UAUGCUAGG UAU, GCU, AGG each codon codes for a particular amino acid

97 From RNA to Protein Synthesis.mp4

98 Mini-Review: 1. Put these in the right order: mRNA leaves the nucleus completed protein is released mRNA attaches to a ribosome the ribosome moves along the mRNA and adds more amino acids mRNA is transcribed from DNA in the nucleus tRNA carries the 1st amino acid to the ribosome 2. What is "Translation?" 3. What is the process by which mRNA is copied from DNA? 4. What is a three-base code of tRNA called? 5. What kind of bond links amino acids together?

99

100 amino acids: met pro ser
DNA: TAC CCA TCC mRNA: AUG GGU AGG tRNA: UAC CCA UCC amino acids: met pro ser transcription translation

101 Transcription:

102 Transcription:

103 Transcription:

104 Transcription:

105 Transcription:

106 Transcription: Transcription is complete. mRna's base info is ready to be translated into a chain of amino acids.

107 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.
ribosome

108 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.
tRNA mRNA

109 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

110 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

111 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

112 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

113 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

114 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

115 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

116 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

117 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

118 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

119 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

120 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

121 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

122 Translation: converting mRNA's base codons to amino acid chain.

123 Protein Synthesis Sequence of Events
1. DNA unzips 2. mRNA is built by complementing one of the DNA strands 3. mRNA leaves the nucleus and travels to a ribosome, where 2 codons fit. 4. The first tRNA picks up its amino acid and takes it to the ribosome. 5. The second tRNA picks up its amino acid. It delivers it to the mRNA codon that complements its anticodon. 6. Peptide bonds form between the amino acids 7. The first tRNA leaves 8. The ribosome moves down one codon. 9. The 3rd tRNA picks up its amino acid...and so forth 10. The a "stop" codon is reached, the last tRNA leaves and the free strand of amino acids is now a protein. RED = transcription BLUE = translation

124 Protein Synthesis In class Review.pptx

125

126 Attachments From RNA to Protein Synthesis.mp4 Protein Synthesis In class Review.pptx

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