2. Flap 1: Nationalism in the Balkans
At the turn of the century, European competition between A-H and R focused on turbulent area of SEE (southeastern Europe) known as the Balkan Peninsula
Mountainous region whose difficult terrain resulted in distinct isolated ethnic groups
Ottoman empire ruled BP—Non-European muslim rule was resented by the largely Slavic (mostly Christian) population
Both A-H and R planned on taking BP from the Turks, so an intense rivalry between A-H and R grew

3. A-H annexed Slovenia and Croatia in the 1800’s, occupied Bosnia by BP wanted independent ethnic regions (Greece, Serbia, Montenegro, Romania, Bulgaria and Albania all became independent)
Violent wars broke out about boundary disputes
In 1908, A-H annexed Bosnia
Bosnia’s population was Slavic Muslims, Serbs and Croats
Serbs wanted independence for the Slavs but not for the Christian Croats

9. Now look at this photo of his coat.
What happened to him? Why?

10. Flap 2: Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
: Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand and wife Sophie planned to visit Bosnian capital of Sarajevo for a tour
6-28 was an anniversary for Serbs—lost battle of Kosovo to the Turks in 1389 which resulted in Turkish rule for 500 years
6-28 was the 14th wedding anniversary of Archduke and Sophie—they planned a parade
A Serbian nationalistic society known as the Black Hand planned to assassinate the ADFF
They hired 7 young Serbs to carry out plot

11. Morning of 6-28-14 conspirators spread along Apple Quay (parade route)
1st assassin said a policeman kept him from throwing bomb
2nd lobbed his but it was deflected by ADFF, landed in the crowd & exploded, injuring people
ADFF’s car sped away past next 3 assassins and arrived at City Hall
ADFF wanted to go to hospital to see injured people; his car made a wrong turn and got trapped on a street
19 year old Gavrilo Princip stepped from curb and shot ADFF in the neck and Sophie in the stomach—they died instantly

14. Whom do you think will be willing to support Serbia? Why?

15. Flap 3: Austria-Hungary’s Ultimatum
Outraged, on , A-H presented Serbia with an ultimatum concerning the crime and demanded and answer within 48 hours
Germany had given A-H a “blank check” guaranteeing its unconditional support no matter what happened
Some Austrians wanted the ultimatum to be so severe that Serbia would never agree to it and then they could go to war and gain all of the BP
Suppression of all anti A-H activity in Serbia
Dismissal of all Serbian officials to whom A-H objected
Right for A-H officials to enter Serbia to investigate Serbian state complicity in the crime and carry out suppression of all anti-A-H organizations
Serbia agreed to A & B but would not compromise independence on C

16. Serbia had the full support of Russia in case war broke out
Serbia did NOT accept the full ultimatum
A-H Consulted with Germany, its close Triple Alliance Ally and declared war on Serbia July 28, 1914

17. What will be Germany’s response to the Declaration of War?
Why would Germany react this way?
How might this effect a young person?
How would it shape their view of the world?

19. Flap 4: Alliance system leads to war
Because of the system of Alliances, within one week of Austria’s declaration of war, all of Europe was plunged into action
R supported Serbia (they didn’t want A-H to get BP)
: R mobilized its armies and began moving troops toward Germany’s and A-H’s borders
G took this as an act of war and issued two ultimatums to Russia
Demobilization
France must remain neutral
France honored its 1892 Treaty of Mutual Defense with R
G declared war on R on August 1, 1914 and France on August 3, 1914
GB declared war on G and A-H on Aug 4, 1914