1. CRITICAL COMMUNICATION TO OVERCOME DISASTER
Document No:
GSC(14)18_009r1
Source:
ARIB
Contact:
Tadaaki YOKOO
Agenda Item:
7.5
CRITICAL COMMUNICATION TO OVERCOME DISASTER
- Through the Experience of Great East Japan Earthquake -
Tadaaki YOKOO 　　Executive Director, ARIB
GSC-18 Meeting, July 2014, Sophia Antipolis, France

2. GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis
JAPAN
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3. GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis
TOUCH ORIENTAL CULTURE
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4. GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis
　ENJOY TASTEFUL FOOD
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5. SUFFER NATURAL DISASTER
Typhoon
Earthquake
Eruption
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6. GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis
BEFORE 11 MARCH 2011
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7. GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis
Earthquake ：
Most Severe Disaster
Japan
212
(20.5 %)
Number of earthquakes with magnitude of 6.0 or greater ( )
Principal Volcanoes in the World
Source：Prepared by the Japan Meteorological Agency based on data from the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
Source：Cabinet Office on the basis of data from the Japan Meteorological Agency and USGS
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8. Earthquake Management
Data Gathering
Analysis / Decision
Information to Citizen
Japan Meteorological
Agency
Broadcaster
seismometer
(Earthquake Phenomena
Observation System)
Local Government
Telecomm Operator
4200 sites around Japan
Fire Department
Local Government
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9. GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis
EEW
Earthquake Early Warning
Launched by the Japan Meteorological Agency(JMA) on October 1st, 2007
P-waves
S-waves
JMA
Seismometer
Hypocenter
(focus)
7km/s
4km/s
time
amplitude
Primary waves (P-waves)
Secondary Waves (S-waves) P S
seismometer output
This time lag provides valuable seconds for self-protection and evacuation.
e.g.) Seismometer at your city is 56km away
　　　P arrives after 8 sec
　　　S arrives after 14 sec
More than 4,200 seismometers installed
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10. GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis
Early Warning Message
By Mobile Operators Messages are transmitted to mobile devices via “Cell Broadcast Service”
By Broadcasters Messages are transmitted to TV sets via “Superimpose”
CBS Warning Message
No transmission to
mobile devices where
Earthquake warnings
are not in effect.
Cell Broadcast Servers
Earthquake
Early Warnings
Occurred off the
coast of Chiba.
Please pay attention
since strong
shaking may occur.
Earthquake
Warning
Other
Areas
Telecomm
Operator
CBS
Japan
Meteorological
Agency
Special ring
tone when
alert received
Transmission to mobile
devices where Earthquake
warnings are in effect.
Affected
Area
Earthquake
Warning
Earthquake Early Warning (i
n Japanese only )
EEW
Detect
Earthquake
(Earthquake Early Warning)
Transmitter
Broadcasting Station
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11. EWBS Emergency Warning Broadcasting System
EWBS singnals embedded in TV and radio broadcasts waves automatically swtch on TV and radio sets to inform people about impending disaster and enable them to prepare for emergencies.
The EWBS has been in operation in Japan since The digital EWBS started in 2000 for satellite TV broadcasting (ISDB-S) and in 2003 for terrestrial TV broadcasting (ISDB-T).
Automatic Activation
Alert
EWBS
Meteorological Agency
Broadcasting Station
Transmitter
Broadcasting Service Area
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12. GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis
ON 11 MARCH 2011
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13. GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis
The Great East Japan Earthquake
Source :
Earthquake
14:46:18 (JST) , 11 March, 2011
MIYAGI
- Magnitude 9.0
- Maximum seismic intensity 7
- The 4th largest in the world since 1900
132km
375km
Huge Tsunami
TOKYO
- Over 10m high
- Maximum run-up height of 40.5m
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14. GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis
Attacked by
Earthquake and Tsunami
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15. GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis
We learned :
At attacked area
No access means (trains, roads, ports)
No power supply continued
No facility in use
Radio Tower
Transmission Station
Mobile Phone Shop
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16. GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis
We learned :
At metropolitan area
No transportation available
Get home on foot
Hard to confirm family safety
Mobile network ：　Overload
Fixed network　：　Available public telephones only (very limited)
Station
Road
Public Telephone
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17. GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis
We learned :
The importance of broadcasting during a disaster
Figure A
Media accessed by people in stricken areas straight after the Great East Japan Earthquake.
*NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, The NHK Monthly Report on
Broadcast Research September 2011
Figure B Reliable media for information concerning the Great East Japan Earthquake
*Nomura Research Institute, News Release, 3 May 2011
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18. GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis
We learned :
The power of one-seg mobile TV
The ISDB-T one-segment service sends TV programs to mobile phones, car TVs. This can be an important safeguard for life and property in times of emergency even when no electricity is supplied.
Policemen saved 40 lives with one-seg mobile TV alarm! Two new policemen got a tsunami warning alarm from the passengers mobile phone with TV when checking if everyone is fine in the train. They quickly decided to lead the 40 passengers to the hill to avoid the disaster of tsunami. All passengers were safely evacuated from the tsunami area before the tsunami struck the train.
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19. GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis
AFTER 11 MARCH 2011
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20. Continue Broadcasting
Backup Function to
Continue Broadcasting
Communication Satellite
Broadcasting Satellite
1st Key Backup Station
NHK FUKUOKA
Main Transmission Site in Tokyo
2nd Key Backup Station
NHK OSAKA
NHK TOKYO
B-up HQS
HQS
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21. Disaster Broadcasting
Full Preparation for
Disaster Broadcasting
Satellite OB Van
Helicopter
Power Generator at Transmission Site
Vehicle for Emergency Transmission
Remote Controlled Camera
Portable SNG Equipment
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22. Construction of Large-Zone Mobile Base Stations
Substitute for regular base stations with outage due to disaster
7 km radius to cover density populated areas
Total 104 stations to cover 35% population
outage
Wireless transmission
outage
outage
Wireline
transmission
Mobile Base Station
Populated areas
Wireline
transmission
Circuit
disruption
outage
Physical
damage
outage
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23. GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis
Emergency Power Supply
Emergency Power Supply has been additionally installed to
secure mobile communication
Engine to 720 stations
24-hour Battery to 1,000 stations
Engine
24-hour Battery
Battery
Wireless transmission
Wireless transmission
Engine
Prefectural and municipal government offices, etc.
Prefectural and municipal government offices, etc.
Engine
Battery unit
Battery
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24. Calling restrictions due to network congestion
Disaster Voice Messaging Service
Disaster Voice Messaging Service (starting March 1, 2012) enables people to send messages as data files, free of charge, when voice calls become restricted due to a disaster
I’m safe, taking shelter at an elementary school nearby.
Calling restrictions due to network congestion
Play back caller’s
voice message
Caller
Voice communication network
Receiver
(1) Attempted voice call
convergence
(2) Select voice message service and record message
Packet communication
network
(3) Send message as data file
Voice data file
I’m safe, taking shelter at an elementary school nearby.
(4) Notification, after message is played
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25. GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis
Free Public Telephone
at Convenience store
Temporarily set up a free public telephone at 1200 Seven Eleven convenience stores
in Tokyo metropolitan area when disaster occurs
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26. GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis
Are we fully prepared ?
If same disaster occurs again ・・・
You are in a office at Tokyo, and want to talk to your family to see if they are safe with your mobile phone.
You are in a rescue team from overseas, and want to share information with local rescue authorities with your radio system.
You are a traveler to Japan, and want to watch TV news with your mobile phone.
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27. GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis
Thank You !!
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