1. A CULTURAL APPROACH TO CHILD DEVELOPMENT
Chapter 1
A CULTURAL APPROACH TO CHILD DEVELOPMENT
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2. What is child development?
The ways people grow and change from conception through emerging adulthood.

3. Introduction to Child Development
Culture- the total pattern of a group’s customs, beliefs, art, and technology handed down through language.
Globalization-connections between different parts of the world in trade, travel, migration and communication
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4. Child Development Today and Its Origins
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5. Why did the population increase?
Figure 1.1
World Population Growth, Past 10,000 years What happened in recent human history to cause population to rise so dramatically? Source: Ember (2007)
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6. Why did the population increase?
agriculture
domestication of animals
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7. Variations Across Countries
Developed Countries-most affluent countries in the world
18% of total world population
US, Canada, Japan, S.Korea, Australia, New Zealand, Chile, Almost all European countries.
Developing Countries-less wealth than developed countries
82% of total world population 
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8. Developed countries will decline in population growth Why?
In next decades developing countries will see almost all of the population growth.
Developed countries will decline in population growth Why?
U.S will experience population growth
WHY?
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9. Demographic Profile of the US
Reasons the US follows a different demographic path
Total Fertility rate (1.9) is higher than most developed countries
United States allows more LEGAL immigration than most developed countries
millions of undocumented immigrants
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10. Map 1.1
Projected Ethnic Changes in U.S. Population to 2050 Which ethnic group is projected to change the most in the coming decades, and why?
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11. More Cultural Variation
Variations between developing and developed countries
Income
Education
Cultural Beliefs
Individualistic- value independence & self expression
Collectivistic- value obedience & group harmony
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12. Map 1.2 Worldwide Variations in Population and Income Levels Developed countries represent only 18% of the world population yet they are much wealthier than developing countries. At what point in its economic development should a developing country be reclassified as a developed country? (continued on next slide)
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13. Variations Within Countries
Majority culture-sets norms & standards, holds most positions of power (political, economic, intellectual,
media)
Contexts-Settings & circumstances such as: family, school, community, media... that contribute to human development.
SES (Socioeconomic Status)-social class including educational level, income level and occupational status •
What do you think is the majority culture in the US?
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14. Variations Within Countries
Gender-Expectations of male and female roles
Ethnicity-Cultural origin, traditions, race, religion and language
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15. The Origins of Human Diversity
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16. Evolutionary Beginnings
Evolutionary theory proposed by Charles Darwin “The Origin of Species” 1859
Species change through natural selection
Young of any species are born with a wide range of characteristic
The ones who will survive and reproduce are the ones who can best adapt to their environment.
Let's Watch
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17. Evolutionary Beginnings L
When did human evolution begin?
Humans’ evolutionary beginning shares ancestry with chimpanzees and gorillas
we share 99.4% of the same genes w/chimps!!!!!!
Human evolutionary line called hominid line from other primates
(6- 8 million years ago).
Homo species evolved into Homo sapiens aka modern humans (200,000 years ago)
Characteristics of homo sapiens-modern humans
Larger brain
Females had a wider pelvis
Longer dependency of infants
Development of tools
Control of fire
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18. The Origins of Human Diversity
We share many characteristics with our hominid relatives:
Large brains relative to our body size
Long period of dependence on adults
Cooperative living in small groups
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19. Human Evolution and Human Development Today
Human development can be understood by understanding human evolution
Development is partly based on evolution
Little biological change since Homo sapiens
Development of larger brain contributes to culture and environmental expansion
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20. What Develops?
Physical Development Growth in size, strength, and muscle coordination Cognitive Development Changes in how children perceive the world, think, remember information, and communicate Socioemotional Development Changes in how children interact with others and manage their emotions
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