1. What is ECOLOGY?
Ecology  study of the interactions of organisms and their environments

2. What are two different factors that influence ecology?
Biotic  includes all LIVING things in an organism’s environment

3. Examples of Biotic Factors
Plants
Animals
Predators, prey
Fungi (mushrooms)
Bacteria

4. What are two different factors that influence ecology?
2. Abiotic  NONLIVING chemical and physical factors to which an organism is exposed 

6. 5 Major Abiotic Factors
Temperature  animals must regulate their own temperature despite environment
Water  essential for life, needs to be balanced and conserved
Sunlight  animals are sensitive to day lengths

7. 5 Major Abiotic Factors
Wind  increases heat loss & transpiration, can affect growth
5. Rocks and Soil  structure, pH, mineral composition

8. How does climate determine where organisms will be distributed?
Climate: dominant weather conditions at a certain place averaged over time

10. How does climate determine where organisms will be distributed?
1) Determines biomes (major types of ecosystems)
desert vs. rain forest
2) Species’ tolerances to water, temperature, and sunlight ranges can determine where that species will live 

13. Bell Ringer 3/4/2013 Define the following terms and give an example:
Abiotic
Example)
Biotic

14. Abiotic NON-LIVING factor in environment
Weather, soil, water, sunlight
Biotic LIVING factor in environment
Plants, animals, bacteria

15. Biomes

16. BIOME: One of Earth’s large ecosystems Contains:
Specific climate, soil, plants, and animals.

17. Six major biomes Taiga Deciduous forest Tropical rain forest Desert
Tundra
Grassland

18. Taiga (Coniferous Forest)
A cool forest biome of conifers in the upper Northern Hemisphere

20. Animals of the Taiga
Rodents, snowshoe hares, lynx, caribou, bears, wolves

21. Biomes Video Review
Summarize what you learned in the video about life in the Taiga Forest
Include ADAPTATIONS of animals and plants in this biome

23. TAIGA Plant & Animal Adaptations
Thick fur (cold!)
Camouflage (white-blend in with snow!)
Migration (go to warmer climate in winter)
Hibernation
Evergreen needles (conserve water)
Waxy leaf coating (conserve water)

24. Deciduous Forest
A forest biome with many kinds of trees that lose their leaves each fall (Greensboro!)

25. Animals of the Deciduous Forest
Wolves, deer, bears, squirrels, birds, amphibians, reptiles, and insects

26. DECIDUOUS FOREST Plant & Animal Adaptations
Plants-large leaves (catch more sunlight for photosynthesis)
Deciduous plants (lose leaves during fall/winter)
Animals eat A LOT during summer
Hibernation
Migration to warmer climates

27. Tropical Rain Forest
A hot, humid biome near the equator, with much rainfall and a wide variety of life
equator

29. Animals of the Rain Forest
More species of insects, reptiles, and amphibians than any place else; monkeys, other small and large mammals, including in some places elephants, all sorts of colorful birds

30. Biomes Video Review
Summarize what you learned in the video about the layers of the Rainforest
Include ADAPTATIONS of animals and plants in this biome

32. TROPICAL RAIN FOREST Plant & Animal Adaptations
Tall trees (reach sunlight)
Brightly colored flowers
Flowers imitate pollinators
Animal defenses
Camouflage
Poison
Look like another animal (mimicry)

34. Desert
A sandy or rocky biome, with little precipitation and little plant life

35. Animals of the Desert Rodents, snakes, lizards, tortoises
The Sahara Desert in Africa is home to camels, gazelles, antelopes, small foxes, snakes, lizards, and gerbils

36. Biomes Video Review
Summarize what you learned in the video about the ADAPTATIONS of animals that live in the desert

38. Biomes Video Review
Summarize what you learned in the video about the impact of sun and heat in the desert

40. DESERT Plant & Animal Adaptations
Storage of water
Conserve water
Smaller bodies, larger ears to radiate heat

41. Tundra
A cold biome of the far north; the ground is frozen (permafrost) even in summer

42. Animals of the Tundra
Caribou, arctic foxes, weasels, snowshoe hares, owls, hawks, rodents, occasional polar bear.

43. Biomes Video Review
Summarize what you learned in the video about PREDATORS and PREY in the Artic Tundra

45. TUNDRA Plant & Animal Adaptations
Hibernation
Thick fur
Layer of body fat
Burrowing (storage of food)
Plants
Grow low to ground
Small

46. Grassland A biome where grasses, NOT trees, are the main plant life.
Examples)
Prairies
Savannahs

47. Grassland animals
American Grasslands (Prairies): Prairie dogs, foxes, small mammals, snakes, insects, various birds

48. Grassland animals
African Grasslands: Elephants, lions, zebras, giraffes

49. GRASSLANDS Plant & Animal Adaptations
Plants
Adaptations to fire
Large root systems (find water!)
Animal grazers
Burrowing