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1 Example: Extra Teacher Provision. Example: Extra teacher provision Many countries have large class sizes and have recruited local or informal teachers.

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Presentation on theme: "1 Example: Extra Teacher Provision. Example: Extra teacher provision Many countries have large class sizes and have recruited local or informal teachers."— Presentation transcript:

1 1 Example: Extra Teacher Provision

2 Example: Extra teacher provision Many countries have large class sizes and have recruited local or informal teachers to help teach part of the class (in general the weakest). There are many important questions this raises: –What is the impact of smaller class sizes? – Hypothesis 1 (H1) –How important for learning is the peer group (tracking)? - H2 –How do local/informal teachers compare to more experienced but less accountable govt teachers? - H3 How can you design an evaluation that examines all these questions? Lets take them one by one.

3 Example: extra teacher provision 3 Target Population: Schools Pure Control: No Extra Teacher Treatment 1: Extra Teacher (classes split) Hypothesis 1: Reducing class size leads to better educational outcomes

4 Example: extra teacher provision 4 Pure Control: No Extra Teacher Control for Treatment 2 Class is split randomly Treatment 2 Class is split by ability Lower Ability ClassesHigher Ability Classes Hypothesis 2: Students in split classes grouped by ability perform better on average than those in mixed classes Target Population: Schools Treatment 1: Extra Teacher (classes split)

5 Example: extra teacher provision 5 Pure Control: No Extra Teacher Control for Treatment 2 Class is split randomly Treatment 2 Class is split by ability Lower Ability ClassesHigher Ability Classes Target Population: Schools Treatment 1: Extra Teacher (classes split) Contract Teacher Govt Teacher Contract Teacher Govt Teacher Contract Teacher Govt Teacher Hypothesis 3: Contract teachers are more effective than government teachers

6 Example: extra teacher provision 6 Pure Control: No Extra Teacher Control for Treatment 2 Class is split randomly Treatment 2 Class is split by ability Lower Ability ClassesHigher Ability Classes Target Population: Schools Treatment 1: Extra Teacher (classes split) Contract Teacher Govt Teacher Contract Teacher Govt Teacher Contract Teacher Govt Teacher A B C D E F G

7 Example: extra teacher provision 7 Pure Control: No Extra Teacher Control for Treatment 2 Class is split randomly Treatment 2 Class is split by ability Lower Ability ClassesHigher Ability Classes Target Population: Schools Treatment 1: Extra Teacher (classes split) Contract Teacher Govt Teacher Contract Teacher Govt Teacher Contract Teacher Govt Teacher Secondary Hypothesis: Contract teachers are more effective than government teachers, when classes are tracked A B C D E F G

8 Example: extra teacher provision 8 Pure Control: No Extra Teacher Control for Treatment 2 Class is split randomly Treatment 2 Class is split by ability Lower Ability ClassesHigher Ability Classes Target Population: Schools Treatment 1: Extra Teacher (classes split) Contract Teacher Govt Teacher Contract Teacher Govt Teacher Contract Teacher Govt Teacher Secondary Hypothesis: Contract teachers are more effective than government teachers in mixed classes A B C D E F G

9 Example: extra teacher provision 9 Pure Control: No Extra Teacher Control for Treatment 2 Class is split randomly Treatment 2 Class is split by ability Lower Ability ClassesHigher Ability Classes Target Population: Schools Treatment 1: Extra Teacher (classes split) Contract Teacher Govt Teacher Contract Teacher Govt Teacher Contract Teacher Govt Teacher Secondary Hypothesis: Contract teachers are more effective than government teachers in classes of low-performing students A B C D E F G

10 Example: extra teacher provision 10 Pure Control: No Extra Teacher Control for Treatment 2 Class is split randomly Treatment 2 Class is split by ability Lower Ability ClassesHigher Ability Classes Target Population: Schools Treatment 1: Extra Teacher (classes split) Contract Teacher Govt Teacher Contract Teacher Govt Teacher Contract Teacher Govt Teacher Back to the first question: Pure effect of class size? A B C D E F G

11 Results - Duflo, Dupas & Kremer (2008) Hiring an extra teacher on a local contract led to a large improvement in educational outcomes Being in a homogenous class (tracking) matters a lot – more than the average level of peers Larger gains from community oversight (local teachers) in schools that assigned students based on level of preparedness (tracking) – positive interaction Smaller impact of class size reduction without either tracking or reinforced community oversight (local teacher): government teachers were observed to teach LESS often! 11

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