1. The Muscular System
Gaiser Life Science

2. Know Evidence The Muscular System
What types of muscles are there? (There are three of them.)
“I don’t know any.” is not an acceptable answer.
Use complete sentences.
Evidence
After listening to the PowerPoint lecture, come back here and list evidence to explain why your answer to the above question is or is not a good answer. You may also use other outside sources to help you respond.
Page 57

3. The Muscular System Information Page 58 Muscle action 1. Voluntary
Clarifying ?s
Muscle action
1. Voluntary
2. Involuntary
involuntary muscles
muscles that we cannot consciously control They move on their own.
Example: heartbeat, food digestion, breathing
- muscles that we can consciously control
voluntary muscles
Example: smiling, chewing, walking, running
Muscle types
- muscles that are attached to your bones – provide forces to move your joints – voluntary muscles – fast reacting (also called striated or banded muscles)
1. skeletal muscles
Example: quadraceps, deltoid, abdominus rectus
- Control movements inside your body – involuntary muscles – react slowly (non-striated)
2. smooth muscles
Example: digestive muscles, breathing diaphragm
Page 58

4. The Muscular System Information Page 59 Example: the heart
Clarifying ?s
- The muscle that forms the walls of your heart – does not tire out like skeletal muscles ((striated)
3. cardiac muscle
Example: the heart
tendons
- Strong connective tissue that attaches muscles to bone
Example: Achilles’ tendon
How skeletal muscles work
Muscles can only cause movement by contracting or getting shorter and fatter.
Muscles work in pairs.
One is the flexor; the other is the extensor.
One of the pair must be in relaxation state when the other contracts or you get a Charlie horse or cramp.
Page 59

5. The Muscular System Information Page 60
Clarifying ?s
Step 1: A message is sent from the brain along the nerve fibers instructing the muscle to contract.
Step 2: The muscle contracts.
Step 3: The muscle relaxes.
Step 4: The opposing muscle recieves the command to contract & pulls the relaxed muscle back to normal size.
Example: Biceps in upper arm bends elbow joint; triceps on back of arm straightens elbow joint.
Muscle care
Exercise – makes muscles grow wider and thicker – makes you stronger
Stretching – makes muscles more flexible
Summary:
Page 60

7. The Muscular System Information Muscle action 1. Voluntary
Clarifying ?s
Muscle action
1. Voluntary
2. Involuntary
involuntary muscles
muscles that we cannot consciously control They move on their own.
Example: heartbeat, food digestion, breathing
- muscles that we can consciously control
voluntary muscles
Example: smiling, chewing, walking, running
Muscle types
- muscles that are attached to your bones – provide forces to move your joints – voluntary muscles – fast reacting (also called striated or banded muscles)
1. skeletal muscles
Example: quadraceps, deltoid, abdominus rectus
- Control movements inside your body – involuntary muscles – react slowly (non-striated)
2. smooth muscles
Example: digestive muscles, breathing diaphragm
- The muscle that forms the walls of your heart – does not tire out like skeletal muscles ((striated)
2. cardiac muscle
Example: the heart
tendons
- Strong connective tissue that attaches muscles to bone
Example: Achilles’ tendon

8. The Muscular System Information
Clarifying ?s
How skeletal muscles work
Muscles can only cause movement by contracting or getting shorter and fatter.
Muscles work in pairs.
One is the flexor; the other is the extensor.
One of the pair must be in relaxation state when the other contracts or you get a Charlie horse or cramp.
Step 1: A message is sent from the brain along the nerve fibers instructing the muscle to contract.
Step 2: The muscle contracts.
Step 3: The muscle relaxes.
Step 4: The opposing muscle recieves the command to contract & pulls the relaxed muscle back to normal size.
Example: Biceps in upper arm bends elbow joint; triceps on back of arm straightens elbow joint.
Muscle care
Exercise – makes muscles grow wider and thicker – makes you stronger
Stretching – makes muscles more flexible
Summary:

9. This PowerPoint was created from Charlene Shea’s lecture notes by Tim Paterek. It is copyrighted and may not be reproduced outside the Vancouver School District. All pictures came from Google Image Search. To fall within the Fair Use Guidelines, this PowerPoint must be used within the confines of the classroom and may not be published back onto the Internet unless the pictures are removed.