1. Evolution of Detention Screening & Pre-Adjudication Supervision

2. Discussion Topics The Purpose of Secure Detention
Brief History of the DRAI
Challenges with Original DRAI
Brief Overview of the 2018 DRAI Revision Research
Predicted Impact
Changes to Supervised Release
Discussion / Q&A MG

3. What is the Purpose of Secure Detention?
Let’s begin with the JJSIP’s 1st component – The Comprehensive Strategy.
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4. What is the Purpose of Secure Detention?
To incapacitate youth deemed a short-term risk to public safety.
To ensure youth deemed a flight risk appear for court proceedings
To protect youth from harming themselves or being harmed by others

5. Brief History of the DRAI
Let’s begin with the JJSIP’s 1st component – The Comprehensive Strategy.
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6. Brief History of the DRAI
Developed, in part, as a result of significant overcrowding issues in Florida’s juvenile detention centers.
First juvenile detention assessment in the United States.
Developed in Partnership with the Annie E. Casey Foundation in 1994, and other community stakeholders

7. Challenges with the Original DRAI
Let’s begin with the JJSIP’s 1st component – The Comprehensive Strategy.
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8. Challenges with Original DRAI
Extremely complex combination of admission and scoring criteria.
Majority of admission criteria had no relationship or a weak relationship to short-term probability of failure.
Issue of double counting firearm related offenses.

9. Challenges with Original DRAI
Most youth screened do not actually get “scored” when screened.
2014 validation study found that while the original DRAI was generally predictive of risk…it could be simplified and improved.

10. Brief Overview of the 2018 DRAI Revision Research
Let’s begin with the JJSIP’s 1st component – The Comprehensive Strategy.
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11. Independent Research Team
Dr. Kristin Early, Justice Research Center, Inc.
Dr. Kelly Dedel, One in 37 Research, Inc.
Dr. Garth Davies, Associate Professor in School of Criminology at Simon Frasier University, Co-Director of the Terrorism, Risk, and Security Studies Program
Supported by the Florida Department of Juvenile Justice, Office of Research and Data

12. Goals of the Revision Research
Develop a revised detention risk assessment instrument (DRAI) that is…
Predictive of risk and focuses the use of secure detention for youth that are a threat to public safety.
Is less complicated (fewer scoring items)
Is race, gender and ethnically “neutral” (no bias)
Provides better guidance for enhanced community supervision options (previously ”home detention”)
Source: Kristin Early (2018). Florida Detention Risk Assessment Instrument: 2018 Validation and Revision Analysis Report. Justice Research Center, Inc.

13. Research Strategy Identify Valid Factors and Subcategories
Sort Each Youth
Calculate Failure Rates for Each Subcategory
Set Subcategory Weights
Calculate Total Score
Identify Scale Cut-Points
Proposed DRAI
Source: Kristin Early (2018). Florida Detention Risk Assessment Instrument: 2018 Validation and Revision Analysis Report. Justice Research Center, Inc.

14. Committee Assembly F.S. 985.245 Risk Assessment Instrument. –
Detention care based on the Detention Risk Assessment Instrument (DRAI)
DRAI must be developed, evaluated, and revised by the DRAI Committee
Committee consists of two representatives from 5 associations
Conference of Circuit Judges
Prosecuting Attorneys Associations
Public Defenders Association
Florida Sheriff’s Association
Florida Association of Chiefs of Police
2/15/2019

15. 2017 DRAI Committee Members
Conference of Circuit Judges
Honorable
Angelica Zayas
Circuit 11
David Gooding
Circuit 4
Prosecuting Attorneys Association
Assistant State Attorney
Rebecca Shinholser
Circuit 8
State Attorney
Ed Brodsky
Circuit 12
Public Defenders Association
Public Defender
Carlos Martinez
Assistant Public Defender Jeannie Moore
Circuit 14
Florida Sheriffs Association
Sheriff
Robert Gualtieri
Circuit 6
Arnold Lanier
Circuit 10
Florida Association of Chiefs of Police
Chief
Lawrence Leon
Circuit 15
Greg Graham
Circuit 5
2/15/2019

16. New DRAI Scoring Criteria
Final Items
Most Serious Current Offense
Prior Referrals
Delinquency History
Current Legal Status
Current Age
Source: Kristin Early (2018). Florida Detention Risk Assessment Instrument: 2018 Validation and Revision Analysis Report. Justice Research Center, Inc.

17. Factor 1: Most Serious Offense
Most Serious Current Offense a.
Capital, life or first-degree felony punishable by life (PBL) 20 b.
Violent first- or second-degree felony, or vehicular homicide c.
Any offense involving use or possession of firearm d.
Violent third-degree felony, burglary of dwelling (F.S (3a) or (3b)) or five or more current burglary charges 10 e.
Non-violent first-, second-, third-degree felony or any misdemeanor 6 f.
Technical violation or municipal ordinance 2
Source: Kristin Early (2018). Florida Detention risk Assessment Instrument: 2018 Validation and Revision Analysis Report. Justice Research Center, Inc.

18. Factor 2: Prior Referrals
Prior Referrals (*Dismissed, non-file, or nolle prosequi referrals are NOT counted) a.
Three or more prior felony or misdemeanor referrals 3 b.
Two prior felony or misdemeanor referrals 2 c.
One prior felony or misdemeanor referral d.
Current offense is first offense -1
Source: Kristin Early (2018). Florida Detention Risk Assessment Instrument: 2018 Validation and Revision Analysis Report. Justice Research Center, Inc.

19. Factor 3: Delinquent History
Delinquent History (*Dismissed, Withdrawn, Non-file, or Nolle Prosequi referrals are NOT counted) a.
Prior abscond or escape (*Presenting abscond/escape must be counted) 4 b.
History of law violation prior to court hearing c.
Two or more prior FTAs 3 d.
History of VOP (*Open or historical violations of any supervision type must be counted) 2 e.
No history of escape, abscond, law violations pending court, VOP, or FTA (as defined in a-d) -1
Source: Kristin Early (2018). Florida Detention Risk Assessment Instrument: 2018 Validation and Revision Analysis Report. Justice Research Center, Inc.

20. Factor 4: Current Legal Status
Current Legal Status (*At the time of the screening) a.
Currently committed or conditional release 4 b.
Current detention status/currently on supervised release 3 c.
Currently on probation or post-commitment probation for 90 days or less d.
Currently on probation or post commitment probation for more than 90 days 2 e.
No current involvement (as defined in a-d) -1
Source: Kristin Early (2018). Florida Detention risk Assessment Instrument: 2018 Validation and Revision Analysis Report. Justice Research Center, Inc.

21. Factor 5: Current Age Current Age (At the time of the screening) a.
Age 11 or 12 b.
Age 13, 14, 15 or 16 1 c.
Age 17 or 18
Source: Kristin Early (2018). Florida Detention Risk Assessment Instrument: 2018 Validation and Revision Analysis Report. Justice Research Center, Inc.

22. New DRAI Scoring Scale Cut Points Release 6 or fewer points
Supervised Release
7 to 12 points
Detain
13 or more points
IMPORTANT NOTE:
The New DRAI scoring is NOT comparable to the old DRAI. A 12 on the new DRAI is NOT comparable to a 12 on the original DRAI
Source: Kristin Early (2018). Florida Detention Risk Assessment Instrument: 2018 Validation and Revision Analysis Report. Justice Research Center, Inc.

23. Predicted Impact
Let’s begin with the JJSIP’s 1st component – The Comprehensive Strategy.
Show next slide.

24. Comparison of Current vs. New DRAI – Scoring Decision
CURRENT DRAI (Actual)
Release
Home Detention
Detain
TOTAL
PROPOSED DRAI
17% 3% 5%
24%
Supervised Release 7%
10%
18%
35% 2% 6%
33%
41%
26%
19%
56%
100%
Shaded diagonal shows cases that remain the same (60%)
Below the diagonal shows cases in a more restrictive setting under the proposed DRAI (15%)
Above the diagonal shows cases in a less restrictive setting under the proposed DRAI (25%)
Source: Kristin Early (2018). Florida Detention Risk Assessment Instrument: 2018 Validation and Revision Analysis Report. Justice Research Center, Inc.

25. Comparison of Current vs. New DRAI – Gender Outcomes
All Intake Referrals
77% male
23% female
Source: Kristin Early (2018). Florida Detention Risk Assessment Instrument: 2018 Validation and Revision Analysis Report. Justice Research Center, Inc.

26. Comparison of Current vs. New DRAI
Source: Kristin Early (2018). Florida Detention Risk Assessment Instrument: 2018 Validation and Revision Analysis Report. Justice Research Center, Inc.

27. Statutory/Policy Overrides
Wanted in Another Jurisdiction
Youth Request for Secure Detention
Domestic Violence
Prolific Juvenile Offender
Underlying Offense(s) Consideration
Judicial Orders
State Attorney Consultation
2/15/2019

28. Summary of Improvements
Revised DRAI items have been reduced
Predictive power has improved
Scoring can be largely automated through JJIS
Prediction remains significant across gender, race, and ethnicity sub-groups
Cost avoidance of secure detention reductions and failures (new crimes and FTA)
Source: Kristin Early (2018). Florida Detention risk Assessment Instrument: 2018 Validation and Revision Analysis Report. Justice Research Center, Inc.

29. Understanding Supervised Release
ERC
IHD HD EM
** Set of programs that provide enhanced supervision to ensure youth go to court and remain arrest free during program participation.
2/15/2019

30. Supervised Release Recommendations
PROGRAM
SCORES ASSIGNED
Home Detention
7-8
Evening Reporting Center
9-10
Intensive Home Detention 11
IHD w/ Electronic Monitoring 12
2/15/2019

31. The Continuum of Supervised Release
2/15/2019

32. Transparent Process State Attorney Review Report
Detention Hearing Report
DRAI Outcomes Report
Supervised Release Outcomes Report
2/15/2019

33. THANK YOU!!!!
2/15/2019