1. Writing Conventions Grammar and Composition
Essays
Paragraphs
Sentences
Words

2. The eight parts of speech are…
Words
Words are labeled according to their parts of speech – the way that they function in a given sentence.
The eight parts of speech are…
Noun
Verb
Pronoun
Adjective
Preposition
Adverb
Conjunction
Interjection

3. Noun used to name a person, place, thing, idea, state, or quality.
Person, Mary, cousin
Place, library, Samoa,
Thing, computer, mutiny,
Idea, evil, Hinduism,
State, hunger, joy,
Quality, bravery, integrity

4. Verb a word that expresses an action, an occurrence, or a state of being.
Present tense, go,
Past tense, went,
Future tense, will go

5. Pronoun a word that takes the place of a noun
Singular, I, he, she, it
Plural, them, we, you,
Nominative Case, (also subjective case, used when pronouns functions as subject)
I, You, He, She, It, We, You, They
Objective Case, (when personal pronoun is a direct object, indirect object, or object of a preposition)
Me, You, Him, Her, It, Us, You, Them

6. Adjective a word that describes a noun or pronoun
Samoan food,
gold earrings,
loud noise.

7. Preposition a word used to connect and relate a noun or pronoun to another word in the sentence
Place, position, on, in, by, behind, near, by…
Direction, into, out of, toward, by way of…
Time, at, before, after, by…
Manner, by car, by ship, on foot, by train, with pleasure, like an old man…

8. Adverb a word that describes a verb
I quickly changed the subject.
The girl fully recovered from her illness.
The rain came down.

9. Conjunction a word commonly used to connect words, phrases, or clauses
Interjection a word used to express strong emotion, set off by commas, or exclamation point
Wow! The SataniII won the fautasi race.
Oh, I didn’t expect you home so early Hey! Do you know what you are doing?
Conjunction a word commonly used to connect words, phrases, or clauses
Coordinating conjunctions, have fewer than 4 letters, and can be remembered as F.A.N.B.O.Y.S.-For, And, Nor, But, Yet, So

10. **Definite articles and indefinite articles are kinds of adjectives.
Sentence English grammar depends on word order. A simple sentence follows the pattern… subject (noun or pronoun) + predicate (verb).
Subject
Predicate
Adjective/Definite Article
Noun
Adverb
Verb
Adjective/Definite Article
Adjective
Noun
Adjective
The smart student quickly finished the difficult test.
**Definite articles and indefinite articles are kinds of adjectives.

11. Complex sentence Independent clause + 1 or more dependant clauses
Simple sentence Independent clause Subject + predicate
Compound sentence 2 or more independent clauses connected by Comma, Coordinating conjunction (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so)
Complex sentence Independent clause + 1 or more dependant clauses

12. Paragraph Big Mac Paragraph Format
Topic Sentence
Detail 1
Detail 2
Detail 3
Concluding Sentence

13. The topic or summary sentence:
is often the first sentence in a paragraph but not always
contains the main idea and general subject that will be explained in the paragraph
focuses or narrows the subject

14. The detail or supporting sentences:
contain details that support or develop the main idea or topic sentence
can take different forms:
they may be facts or proof to support a claim
they can provide a further description of the topic / main idea
they can relate personal experiences of the writer or other people

15. The concluding sentence:
(Some paragraphs have a summarizing or concluding statement but not all)
is the final sentence in a paragraph
restates the main idea or summarizes it in a new way