1. Carbonyl Compounds 1.5 Aldehydes and Ketones Contain C—O double bond.
Include many classes of compounds.

2. Aldehydes and Ketones
In an aldehyde, an H atom is attached to a carbonyl group
O carbonyl group 
CH3-C-H
In a ketone, two carbon groups are attached to a carbonyl group
CH3-C-CH3
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3. Naming Aldehydes IUPAC Replace the -e in the alkane name -al
Common Add aldehyde to the prefixes
O O O
  
H-C-H CH3-C-H CH3CH2C-H
methanal ethanal propanal
(formaldehyde)
Aldehydes are formed by the oxidation of primary alcohols
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4. Aldehydes as Flavorings
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5. Glucose is an aldehyde
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6. Naming Ketones
In the IUPAC name, the -e in the alkane name is replaced with –one
They are formed by the oxidation of secondary alcohols
In the common name, add the word ketone
after naming the alkyl groups attached to the
carbonyl group
O O
 
CH3 -C-CH3 CH3-C-CH2-CH3
Propanone Butanone
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7. Ketones
O O   Butter flavor CH3-C-C-CH3 butanedione O  Clove flavor CH3-C-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 heptan-2-one
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8. Ketones as Hormones
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9. Learning Check AK 1
Classify each as an aldehyde (1), ketone (2) or neither(3). O 
A. CH3CH2CCH3 B. CH3-O-CH3
CH3 O
C. CH3-C-CH2CH D.
CH3
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10. Solution AK 1
Classify each as an aldehyde (1), ketone (2) or neither(3). O 
A. CH3CH2CCH B. CH3-O-CH
CH3 O
C. CH3-C-CH2CH 1 D. 2
CH3
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11. Learning Check AK 2 Name the following O A. CH3CH2CCH3 B. CH3 O
A. CH3CH2CCH3 B.
CH O
C. CH3-C-CH2CH
CH3
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12. Solution AK 2 O A. CH3CH2CCH3 B. butanone CH3 O C. CH3-C-CH2CH
A. CH3CH2CCH B.
butanone
CH3 O
C. CH3-C-CH2CH
cyclohexanone
CH3
2,2-dimethylbutanal
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13. Learning Check AK 3
Draw the structural formulas for each: A. 3-Methylpentanal B. 2,3-Dichloropropanal C. 3-Methylbutan-2-one
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