1. Warm up
Match the French estates with their people (First, Second and Third)
Nobility
High-ranking Members of the Clergy
The Bourgeoisie
Made up less than 1% of the French population
Privileged, wealthy class
Paid about 50% of their income in taxes

2. What is the Enlightenment?
(also called the Neoclassical Period)

4. It begins with a rejection. . . .
Of dogma
Of superstition
Of traditional religion
Of factionalism
Of (in some cases) monarchy
Of disorder
Dogma- a principle or set of principles laid down by an authority as incontrovertibly true

5. What is the Enlightenment attitude?
(1) A desire for rationality, logic, consistency.
(2) A rejection of emotionalism
(3) A preference for evidence, not faith
(4) Increased interest in science, mathematics, geometry
(5) An admiration for Greece and Rome and an abhorrence for everything medieval.
(6) A preference for the artificial over the natural,
technology over wilderness.

6. Therefore it was up to mankind to chose its destiny

7. What is the Enlightenment aesthetically?
A desire for geometric shapes, orderly
repetition in mathematical patterns.
(2) A disdain of “messiness” and “chaos” in art and clothing and hairstyles as being unharmonious.
(3) Greco-Roman architecture
(4) Endless Heroic Couplets
(5) Satire as a means of social critique (Gulliver’s Travels)

8. Here, the “messiness” of the natural world must bow before pure geometry. In such a garden, the chaos of nature is tamed to match the orderly design of human intellect.

9. Straight lines, 90 degree corners, the stuff to warm the heart of an Enlightenment thinker. Thus, hedge--mazes appear across Europe.

10. The Enlightenment is so devoted to Greco-Roman logic and philosophy it is thus also called the “Neoclassic Period.” A similar taste appears in their architecture, their plays and drama

11. Take a look at the Arch of Emperor
Constantine, built c CE.

12. Then look at the French Arc de Triomph du
Carrousel. Note any similarities?

13. Top Left:
the Parthenon of the
Acropolis, built
c BCE.
Bottom left:
Ragensberg Replica,
Planned in the 1790s
And built 1830 CE.

18. He believed in religious tolerance and freedom of thought
He believed in religious tolerance and freedom of thought. He was also anti-slavery.
ROUSSEAU attacked society as artificial & corrupt. He criticized the salons

21. French Revolution Review
Identify the following as “short term” or ”long term” causes of the French Revolution
Famine
Absolutism
Bankruptcy
Ancien Regime
Locking out the Estates-General
Influence of the Philosophes