2. Chapter 1 American Pageant (13th ed.)
New World Beginnings
Chapter 1
American Pageant (13th ed.)

3. Oh, Pangaea! You supercontinent, you...

4. Land, ahoy! Land bridge connected Asia to North America
(thank you, Ice Age)
People migrated all the way to South America
Notables include:
Incas
Mayans
Aztecs
Native American cultures emerged in North America

5. Europeans discover the New World
Vikings in 1000 AD (Newfoundland)
Crusades occur in Europe & Asia; curiosity ignited
Portugal leads the way in exploration & exploitation
The slave trade begins in 1450s & flourishes due to sugar…yep, sugar!
And, then Spain enters the picture…

6. Spanish Conquistadores
Christopher Columbus: a successful failure?
The Columbian Exchange
Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)
Kept Spain & Portugal friendly
Portugal & Spain divided the New World
North-South line, chopped off Brazil and Portugal got land east, including parts of Africa
Spain got all land west (which was much more)

7. Spanish Conquistadores
Balboa: discovered Pacific through isthmus of Panama
Magellan: 1st to circumnavigate the globe (kind of…)
De Leon: Discovered Florida; Fountain of Youth
De Soto: Discovered Mississippi River
Pizarro: Conquers Incas and takes Peru
Coronado: Found Pueblo Indians looking for El Dorado (city of gold)

8. Spanish Conquistadores
Conquistadors transformed the world economy
Encomienda established
Indians given to colonists in return for Christianization of population
Basically glorified slavery disguised as religious work

9. Conquest of Mexico Hernando Cortes conquers Aztecs
Aztec King Montezuma at first welcomed Cortes as god Quetzalcoatl
Smallpox took out Aztecs
Mexico’s future set

10. Spanish America Spanish forts set up to protect their “investment”
St. Augustine, Florida (oldest continually inhabited European settlement)
Don Juan de Onate conquered New Mexico at the Battle of Acoma (1599)
Pueblos revolted against Spanish rule in 1680
Pope’s Rebellion saw Pueblos burn every Catholic Church and kill settlers
Spanish eventually reclaimed New Mexico in 1700s