1. The Sun

2. Learning goals
We are learning to identify the different layers of the sun.
We are learning to determine the impacts of the sun on the earth.

3. The Sun
Video: The Sun 101

4. The Structure of the Sun

5. The Core the hottest part of the sun
high temperatures and pressure cause particles to collide and combine together
= nuclear fusion
nuclear fusion releases massive amounts of energy that moves outward through the next layers

6. The Radiative Zone the first layer that surrounds the core
light takes at least yrs to pass up and through it

7. The Convective Zone
hotter substances (plasma) rise and cooler substances fall

8. The Photosphere (Sun’s surface)
light and other types of radiation escape
boundary between inside and outside of Sun
lowest temp of all layers

9. Solar Flares
gases and charged particles expelled above an active sunspot

10. Solar Prominences
low-energy gas eruptions from the Sun’s surface

11. Chromosphere the first layer of the Sun’s atmosphere
60 000°C hotter than the photosphere
eclipse

12. The Corona thin outer layer of the solar atmosphere
gleaming white, halo-like

13. Sun Spots
dark spots appearing on the suns surface (photosphere) that are cooler than the area around them
appear to move as the sun rotates

14. The Sun’s Effect: EM Radiation
the Sun emits radiation (energy) across most of the electromagnetic spectrum
creates our weather and climate
provides energy to sustain life

15. The Sun’s Effect on Earth: Solar Winds
Sun’s gases/particles constantly in motion and rotating at different speeds resulting in solar winds
can cause auroras, communication disruptions and radiation hazards

16. The Auroras
Earth is surrounded by an atmosphere and a magnetic field (strongest at poles)
solar winds travelling toward the Earth influenced by the Earth’s magnetic field and follow magnetic lines

17. The Auroras
when solar winds reach the poles they collide with particles in the atmosphere
produces a display of colors in the night sky called aurora borealis (or northern lights)

18. Communication Disruptions
particles ejected from the Sun can damage information stored on satellites
solar radiation and storms can increase temperature and density of Earth’s upper atmosphere which can slow down or alter the path of satellites

19. Radiation Hazards
charged particles from solar storms can expose people at high altitudes to high a dose of radiation
i.e. travelling in a plane or astronauts

20. Learning goals
We are learning to identify the different layers of the sun.
We are learning to determine the impacts of the sun on the earth.

21. Homework
Page 312 questions 2, 4, 5, 7-9