1. Energy Types and Transformations

2. Objectives Review gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy
Learn the many other types of energy
Practice identifying the input and output energy types in a system or device.

3. Types of Energy 2 Main Energies we focus on: Kinetic Energy (KE)
Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE)
Other types of potential energy we study:
Elastic Potential
Chemical Potential
Electrical Potential
Magnetic Potential
Other types of nonmechanical energy we study:
Electromagnetic (Light)
Thermal
Sound
Nuclear
Mechanical Energy at a larger level

4. ELASTIC POTENTIAL: Energy stored in any type of stretched or compressed elastic material
Such as a spring or a rubber band.
CHEMICAL POTENTIAL: Energy stored due to the relative positions of the atoms a substance contains and the type of bonds between the atoms.
Fossil fuels
Batteries
Food
Chemical Reactions

5. ELECTRICAL POTENIAL
Electricity is derived from the flow of negatively charged particles (electrons)
Electric current running through appliances
Electrostatic energy comes from a separation of oppositely charged particles
Lightning bolt
MAGNETIC POTENTIAL: Energy derived from the magnetic properties of materials.

6. ELECTROMAGNETIC (LIGHT): Energy in the form of waves that includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared waves, visible light, ultraviolet rays, x-rays, and gamma rays.
Only energy that can travel through a vacuum (empty space)
Living things ultimately get energy from the Sun.
Plants use photosynthesis to turn the energy in sunlight into chemical energy
SOUND ENERGY

7. NUCLEAR (2 TYPES)
NUCLEAR FUSION: combining of atoms
Process in Sun and other stars
Can’t be used in power plants yet – too hard to control
NO radioactive waste
NUCLEAR FISSION: splitting of atoms
Process in nuclear power plants and submarines
Creates radioactive waste
THERMAL: The kinetic energy of atoms and molecules vibrating is related to heat and temperature.
Lots of systems lose energy in the form of thermal energy
More thermal energy = hotter = atoms move faster
Less thermal energy = cooler = atoms move slower

8. More Energy Tranformations1) 5) 9)
13) 2) 6)
10)
14) 3) 7)
11)
15) 4) 8)
12)

9. Input Energy:
Chemical
Output Energy:
Electrical 1.

10. Input Energy:
Chemical
Pizza 2.

11. Output Energies:
Electromagnetic (light)
Thermal (heat)
The Sun 3.

12. Output Energies:
Elastic, KE, GPE
Input Energies:
GPE, KE 4.

13. Input Energies:
KE, GPE
Hydroelectric Dam 5.

14. Output Energies:
Thermal, Electrical
Solar Panels 6.

15. Input Energy:
Electrical
Output Energy:
Electromagnetic (microwaves) 7.

16. Input Energy:
Chemical
Car 8.

17. Plant
Output Energy:
Chemical 9.

18. Input Energy:
Electrical
Output Energies:
Kinetic, Sound
10.

19. Input Energy:
Nuclear Fission
Nuclear Power Plant
11.

20. Light Bulb
Output Energies:
Electromagnetic (light)
Thermal (heat)
12.

21. Output Energies:
Electromagnetic (light)
Thermal (heat)
Sound
Kinetic
Input Energy:
Electrical
13.

22. Input Energy:
Chemical
Chemical Explosion
14.

23. Toaster
Output Energy:
Thermal (heat)
Electromagnetic (light)
15.