1. PROTEINS

2. Amino acid monomers to proteins
Long chains of amino acids linked together in a specific order make a specific protein.
Amino acids linked together

3. Elements of proteins Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen
(and sometimes Sulfur)
Protein comes from the Greek word protos, meaning "first." These nutrients are the basic elements of living cells, of first importance.

4. Some Amino Acids like Methionine require
sulfur as well as CHON.

5. PROTEIN MONOMERS = AMINO ACIDS What is the same about each…What is different?
Amino acid with the “R”
Group not specified
The amino acid
Alanine
The amino acid
Serine
Draw one example

6. The different “R” groups give different
amino acids different characteristics.
3 MAIN JOBS OF PROTEINS
Structure
Enzymes (affect rate of reactions)
Transport (protein channels & hormones)

7. 1.Structure 3 MAIN JOBS OF PROTEINS
some proteins provide structural support: collagen, hair

8. 2.Enzymes (affect rate of reactions)
Enzymes speed up reactions.

9. Enzymes only work in a narrow range
Of PH and Temperature.

10. pH refers to how many hydrogen ions a
substance has.

11. pH refers to how many n a substanc Acids have lots of H ions.
Hydrochloric acid in our stomach has….
__________ of _________ _Ions__.
If something is acid its pH number is a number
below 7.
pH refers to how many hydrogen ions

12. Acids and Bases
An acid produces H+
A base absorbs H+

13. 3.Transport (protein channels)
Transport molecules across cell membranes.

14. 3.Transport Hormones
Some hormones
are proteins;
insulin and growth hormones are 2 examples.
Hormones serve as chemical messengers, carrying signals from one part of the body to another.

15. Hemoglobin protein transports oxygen in red
blood cells.

16. We saw how different proteins have different jobs, but how are different proteins made?

17. Just like letters of the alphabet can make
thousands of words.
RAT
TAR
ITS
SIT
20 different amino acid monomers can make thousands of different proteins…

18. can make thousands of different proteins…
20 different amino acid monomers
can make thousands of different proteins…

19. Which protein is made depends on …
Which amino acids it is made of
What order the amino acids are in.

20. Instructions for arranging amino acids into proteins are found in the DNA.

21. 5 functions of proteins in plants & animals
Controls rates of reactions (enzymes)
Regulate cell processes
Cell repair
Transports materials in and out of cells
Fights disease
Animals also use proteins to form bones and muscles, supplying raw materials

22. Foods rich in proteins Meat, fish, eggs Milk, nuts, soy products
These contain the 8 AA not made in your body

23. You can test for protein
using biuret.
Negative=blue
Positive = purple

24. Warning disturbing pictures

25. What happens when you don’t get enough?
A deficiency of protein in the diet leads to
1. Weight loss
2. Anemia
3. Swollen abdomen
4. Graying of hair
5. Slow healing of wounds
6. Decreased resistance to diseases
7. Muscular pain
8. Overall retarded growth