1. NİŞANTAŞI ÜNİVERSİTESİ
grammar ı1
WEEK 5:Present perfect
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Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi
mmf.nisantasi.edu.tr

2. Have you ever eaten somethıng unusual ın your lıfe? What was ıt?
Scan the text and see what the writer has eaten in India. How do you feel about his experience?
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3. NİŞANTAŞI ÜNİVERSİTESİ ©
Read the text agaIn and complete the sentences with the correct information from the text.
The writer retired from ____________ when he was 69.
He has been to many countries so far. Two of them are ____________ and ____________.
He has never been to ____________.
He has been married for ____________ times.
He has met many famous people before. For example, he met ____________ but he hasn’t met ____________ yet.
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4. NİŞANTAŞI ÜNİVERSİTESİ ©
use
Unfinished period of time
“Have you seen Joe this morning?”
Is it still this morning?
What do we say in the afternoon?
Why?
Can you think of more time expressions like this morning?
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5. NİŞANTAŞI ÜNİVERSİTESİ ©
FORM
How do we form Present Perfect Tense?
Positive: Subject + _____/_____ + _____
Negative:
Question:
Yes/No:
W-H:
What is V3 called in English grammar?
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6. NİŞANTAŞI ÜNİVERSİTESİ ©
Irregular Verbs
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7. Complete the followıng sentences for yourselves.
My husband and I have eaten out three times this week.
I have drunk a large mug of filter coffee this morning.
_______________________________________ this morning.
_______________________________________ this month.
_______________________________________ this year.
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8. NİŞANTAŞI ÜNİVERSİTESİ ©
USE
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9. NİŞANTAŞI ÜNİVERSİTESİ ©
USE Duratıon
“I have worked at Nişantaşı University for 14 months.”
Do we know when the action started?
Does the action continue up to present?
Do I still work at NU?
What are we
interested in? Place or duration?
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10. NİŞANTAŞI ÜNİVERSİTESİ ©
USE Duration
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11. FOR and SINCE wıth Present Perfect Tense
I have known her since 2000.
I have known her for 17 years.
I have been on a diet since last Friday.
I have been on a diet for 3 days.
We use ______with the present perfect to say when something started.
We use ______to talk about a period of time.
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12. NİŞANTAŞI ÜNİVERSİTESİ ©
For or since?
I have been here _____ 9 o’clock.
I haven’t eaten anything _____ hours.
She has saved money _____ years.
I have lived here _____ I was a child.
My mum has had flu _____ three days.
Frida has learnt Spanish _____ 2010.
We haven’t seen her _____ last month.
I have been with my family _____ I was born.
You have had new friends _____ you graduated from high school.
Mankind has looked for ways of immortality _____ centuries.
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13. NİŞANTAŞI ÜNİVERSİTESİ ©
FORM
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14. NİŞANTAŞI ÜNİVERSİTESİ ©
USE
Indefinite Past
“It has rained a lot recently.”
Did it rain in the past?
Do we know when it happened exactly?
Are we interested in the result of the action or the time of the action?
Is there a result in the present?
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15. NİŞANTAŞI ÜNİVERSİTESİ ©
USE
Other examples:
I have lost my key. (So I can’t enter my house.)
Ellen has hurt her leg. (So she can’t come to school today.)
I have missed the bus. (So I have to take a taxi now.)
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16. NİŞANTAŞI ÜNİVERSİTESİ ©
USE
Experience
“My uncle has travelled all round the world.”
Did he travel round the world at some time in his life?
Do we know when he did this?
Is he still alive?
So is this experience still with him now?
What do we say when he is not alive?
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17. NİŞANTAŞI ÜNİVERSİTESİ ©
USE
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18. Exercise: Ask and answer with a friend.
Have you ever:
visited a foreign country? Which country was it?
been on TV? When was it?
met a celebrity? Who was she/he?
called someone by the wrong name? Who was she/he?
cheated on an exam? When was it?
cried during a movie? What was the movie?
ridden a horse? What was it like?
slept in tent? What was it like?
broken a bone in your body? When was it? Was it your leg?
hitchhiked? When was it? Were you afraid during the journey?
made someone cry? What was the reason?
sung in public? When and where was it?
picked fruit from a tree? When and where was it? Did you like the experience?
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19. Just, yet, still, already with Present Prefect Tense
These words are often used with the present perfect tense although yet, still and already can all be used with other tenses. Just ‘Just’ is usually used only with the present perfect tense and it means ‘a short time ago’. It is usually used in positive sentences.
I’ve just seen Susan coming out of the cinema.
Mike’s just called. Can you ring him back please?
In the present perfect, ‘just’ comes between __________ and __________.
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20. Just, yet, still, already with Present Prefect Tense
Yet ‘Yet’ is used to talk about something which is expected to happen. It means ‘at any time up to now’. It is used in questions and negatives. Have you finished your homework yet? The speaker expects that the homework will be finished. I haven’t finished it yet. I’ll do it after dinner. ‘Yet’ usually comes __________ of the sentence. Just: in + sentences: I have just seen him. Yet: In – and ? sentences: Have you finished your work yet? I haven’t started my homework yet. Still: In negative sentences: They still haven’t found the goalkeeper of the team. Already: In + sentences: She has just started her new job but has already made a few friends there.
Still ‘Still’ is used to talk about something that hasn’t finished – especially when we expected it to finish earlier.
I’ve been waiting for over an hour and the bus still hasn’t come.
You promised to give me that report yesterday and you still haven’t finished it.
‘Still’ usually comes __________.
Already ‘Already’ is used to say that something has happened early – or earlier than it might have happened.
I’ve already spent my salary and it’s two weeks before pay day.
The train’s already left! What are we going to do?
‘Already’ usually comes __________.
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21. just, yet, stıll or already?
They say they posted it two weeks ago but it _____ hasn’t arrived.
I haven't found a flat _____. Everything around here is so expensive.
I’ve _____ seen this film. Let's watch something else.
He’s _____ bought a new car. I'm going to go round and have a look at it.
Have they finished redecorating your house _____?
A: When are you going to pack your bag?
B: I’ve _____ packed it.
A: Have the guests arrived?
B: No, they haven’t arrived _____.
We can’t eat chicken again. We have _____ eaten it three times this week.
Daphne ________ hasn't bought the tickets for the play. I hope she will do it soon.
Don't come in here with those muddy shoes! I have _____ cleaned the house.
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22. BEEN and GONE ın Present Perfect Tense
We use the present perfect of be when someone has gone to a place and returned:
A: Where have you been? B: I’ve just been out to the supermarket. (I am here now.)
A: Have you ever been to San Francisco? B: No, but I’ve been to Los Angeles. ( I am in Istanbul now.)
But when someone has NOT returned we use have/has gone:
A: Where is Maria? I haven’t seen her for weeks. B: She's gone to Paris for a week. She’ll be back tomorrow.
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23. NİŞANTAŞI ÜNİVERSİTESİ ©
Been or gone?
She's _____ to India on holiday three times. Today she will tell us about her experiences.
She's _____ to Moscow, she will be back next week.
You can’t see Susan now because she _____ to visit her grandma.
I don't know that restaurant, I've never _____ there.
Have you ever _____ to New York?
You are late. Where have you ___?
She was offered a new job and has ___ to London.
Let's ask Peter about Florida - he's _____ there twice so far.
Notice on office door: " _____ to lunch.”
A: You look tired.
B: Yes, I have _____ to the gym.
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24. NİŞANTAŞI ÜNİVERSİTESİ ©
References
Workman, Graham, Concept Check Questions and Timelines,2008,Gem Publishing
Cunningham , Gillie, Face2Face Pre-Intermediate St. Book, Cambridge Universiy Press
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