1. The Trinity or the Bermuda Triangle
Gender (vs. sex)
Class (vs. caste)
Race (or ethnicity)
Create cleavages: divisions that lead to differences in political behavior (voting, rebellion, etc.)
reinforcing vs. cross-cutting
These divisions are not natural/inevitable; culturally created and change over time
Barack Obama: is he black? literally African American
Latino vs. Hispanic
The Irish are "Negroes turned inside out and Negroes are smoked Irish."

2. Basic types: Peninsulare, Criollo, Indio, Negro
Español peninsular + Española peninsular = Criollo Criollo + Criollo = Criollo Español + India = Mestizo Español + Negra = Mulato Negro + India = Zambo Mestizo + India = Cholo Mestizo + Española = Castizo Mulato + Española = Morisco Español + Morisca = Albino Negro + Zamba = Zambo Prieto
Peninsulares tiny population intermarriage/miscegenation
US: Loving v. Virginia, 1967
Spectrum: potentially more mobility
Natives still severely oppressed
Still true modern Latin America

3. Narrative Forms Comedy: bad things working out in the end
Tragedy: fatal flaw
Irony: unexpected outcome
Not the Alanis Morissette song
Teleology: Hegel—thesis + antithesis synthesis (new thesis)
ultimate outcome guided by “Spirit” of history
Material determinism: Karl Marx’s teleology: primitive communism (hunter gatherers)  slave society (Rome)  feudalism (King Arthur)  capitalism (US)  socialism (Sweden / Union of Soviet Socialist Republics)  communism (utopia)
Base and superstructure

4. Anthropology

5. The study of Man Physical and social beings in time and space
Context of culture
Bridge between humanities/bio-natural science/social science
Main subfields: 1) Physical (evolution, forensic), 2) Archaeology (prehistoric, classical, historic), 3) Linguistic (relationship language and culture, historical, structural, social), 4) Cultural/ethnography

6. Key Terms
Culture: the knowledge that is learned, shared, and used by people to interpret experience and generate behavior
A script for life: different roles, different masks
Explicit (conscious of) vs. tacit (unconscious)
Subject: someone who is observed
Participant observer: researcher who joins activity in order to study it
Ideal of detachment

7. Ethnocentrism: the belief and feeling that one’s own culture is best
Positive and negative consequences: self-esteem vs. cultural + military imperialism
Naïve realism: the belief that people everywhere see the world in the same way
Cultural relativism: beliefs and actions should be evaluated in terms of their particular culture
Good--> socially acceptable; Evil--> socially unacceptable
Functional vs. Dysfunctional
Crime + gangs?

8. Greenhouse Gas Emissions

9. Water Usage

13. Every 2 minutes someone in the US is sexually assaulted
1 in 6 US women and 1 in 33 US men will be sexually assaulted (attempted or completed rape) in their lifetime
1 in 4 US girls is sexually abused before age 18.
1 in 6 US boys is sexually abused before age 18.
More than 20% of children are sexually abused before the age of 8.
Nearly 50% of all US victims of forcible sodomy, sexual assault with an object, and forcible fondling are children under 12.
An estimated 39 million survivors of childhood sexual abuse exist in America today
60% of US sexual assaults are not reported to the police these statistics are probably too low
Only 6% of US rapists spend even a day in jail
Nearly 70% of child sex offenders have between 1 and 9 victims; at least 20% have 10 to 40 victims.
An average serial child molester may have as many as 400 victims in his lifetime.