1. ANJANA RAJ English Optional
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ANJANA RAJ
English Optional

2. SEMINAR Topic: LISTENING SKILLS

3. INTRODUCTION
Listening may be defined as one act of receiving oral language. Basic listening skills include auditory acquity and auditory discrimination.Listening activity includes listening to stories and poetry,to reports and talks,and to conversations and discussions.Listening can notes attention,discrimination and an intellectual attempt to comprehend.Speaking will be much easier, if one has a strong base in the listening skill.

4. COMPONENTS OF LISTENING
Recognizing the english speech sounds in isolation as well as in combination.
Distinguishing such sounds from similar sounds in his mother tongue.
Understanding the lexical meaning of words in context and understanding the grammatical meaning of structures
Understanding the meaning conveyed by stress and intonation patterns
Guessing the meaning of an unfamiliar word from the context

5. Objectives To develop the ability to listen for: general information
specific information
cultural interest of speaker
attitude and opinions
organization of ideas
sequence of events
lexical items
functional items

6. SUB-SKILLS Predictive skills Extracting specific information
General comprehension
Inferring
Deducing meaning

7. How to develop Listening skill?
Look for at least a piece of information new to you
Reduce physical disturbances
Listen with an over-all idea of the topic
Be alert and note down key points and try to summarise
Ask for clarifications towards the closure

8. STAGES IN LISTENING The five stages in the process of Listening can be
Lead in : To arouse interest in the subject matter,the teacher prepares students for the task and makes them familiar with the topic.
Teacher’s Direction: Teacher explains and directs the purpose for listening
Student’s Listening: Students listen to the text for doing tasks given by the teacher
Feed back: Teacher helps the students check the task and find out how well they have done it,
Follow up: As follow-up a text-related task can be given

9. Intensive listening Extensive listening
TYPES OF LISTENING
Intensive listening
Extensive listening

10. Types of Listening Materials
Authentic text: Generally , authentic texts are designed for native-speakers
Non-authentic text: It is for language students and is prepared under the assumption that beginner students will not properly be able to handle authentic text
Recorded Material : A disembodied voice is more difficult for a foreign learner to follow.But there are so many merits for a recorded piece.

11. CAUSES OF DEFECTIVE LEARNING
Poor vocabulary
Inability to maintain attention
Inability to understand pronunciation
Inability to understand fast speech
Inability to understand against background noise

12. CONCLUSION
Students usually find it more difficult to listen to ataped dialogue than to read the written material. He may be able to express himself orally,but will find it difficult to understand what said to him.Listening is considered to be a receptive skill but not passive.The listener is actively involved in this process,but is at the receiving end.The difficulty is mainly because of
varied media to which the listener has to attend ,perceive and understand the idea.The listener must have acquaintance with a variety of spoken forms also.

13. Reference
English language education- Dr.K.Sivarajan,T.V Ramakrishnan,K.Mridula
“Learning Disabilities,Characteristics, Identification and Teaching Strategies”-Bender W.N[1995],Boston-Allyn and Bacon

14. Thank You