1. Stages of the Lifespan Adulthood and old age

2. Key KNoWLeDGe
the different classifications of the stages of adulthood • Characteristics of physical development during adulthood, including the physiological changes associated with ageing • the social, emotional and intellectual development associated with the stages of adulthood and ageing • the health status of Australia’s adults, including the similarities and differences between adult males and females.

3. Adulthood
adulthood In Australia the lifespan stage from age 18 years onwards and a time of continuing physical, social, emotional and intellectual change.

4. Adulthood Draw a body in the middle of the page (not too big).
Divide the space around the body into 4 sections.
In Section1: define Adulthood: what does adulthood mean to you? Expand, add dot points to indicate some differences between Adolescence and Childhood, to adulthood.
In section 2: write down as many health issues as they can think of.
In section 3: write as many stresses as they can think of
In section 4: write down a list examples of the 4 types of development as occurring in adulthood.

5. Three stages of adulthood
early adulthood (18–39years)
middle adulthood (40–64 years)
later adulthood or old age (65+ years).

6. Early Adulthood
Early adulthood marks the transition from youth and the establishment of an increasingly independent identity.

7. Turning 18
Turning 18 is a milestone event in the lives of Australians.
1 What significant activities and responsibilities does an 18-year- old have compared to a 16-year-old?
2 Discuss the change in responsibilities as you make the transition between youth and adulthood.
3 What changes and responsibilities are you looking forward to when you become an adult?
4 What, if anything, are you not looking forward to as you head towards this lifespan stage?

8. Physical development

9. Completes growth, reaches maximum height
Adulthood is the longest stage of the lifespan
Early adulthood
Completes growth, reaches maximum height
Maximum muscle strength , peak physical condition including eye sight and senses
Reach peak bone density
Body is in a maintenance stage
Metabolism slows
Many women have children in early adulthood.

10. Middle adulthood Covers ages 40-64 yrs
Continued maintenance staged, with decline towards the end of stage
Aging becomes apparent during this stage E.g. Grey hair( loss of pigment), wrinkles, baldness
Changes in fat distribution, more fatty tissue around stomach and breast in women- linked with menopause
Men increase fat around waist
Reduce height- vertebrae compression
Reduced eye sight- lens less flexible
Reduced taste buds-preference for salty sweet foods
Reduced hearing

11. Menopause Is cessation of menstruation
Commonly occurs between yrs
Women can experience a range of symptoms as a result of reduced levels of oestrogen and progesterone
Symptoms include:
Joint and muscle aches and pains, Osteoporosis, increased facial hair, Thinning of scalp and pubic hair, dry skin, reduced saliva, increase gingivitis, dry vagina and sexual difficulties

12. Old Age Aged 65 and onwards
This stage is when body function is declining
Increase chance of having degenerative disease: arthritis, hypertension, osteoporosis
Ability to absorb calcium declines- osteoporosis – fractures- refer pg 244
Reduced cartilage- arthritis reduced mobility, pain
Reduced speed nervous system, nerves cells reduced
Reduced sense. Sight ,hearing, taste
Gums recede- causing tooth loss

13. Reduced reflexes and muscle tone and mass
Skin becomes thinner and loses elasticity
problems digesting food and eliminating waste due reduced muscle tone in digestive track
Difficulty eating due to decreased saliva and poor dental health
BMR reduces

14. Social and emotional development

15. Early adulthood Financial independence
Long term relationships- friends family partners
Friends remain important, usually smaller circle of friends
Intimate partners- emotional bonds, become committed to someone, give and receive emotional and social support.
Contribute to society via sporting clubs, community and social organisations

16. Middle adulthood
Childrearing – nurturing, pass on skills, knowledge, values and attitudes
Raising children may lead to changing roles, lifestyle, family focused
Later stages- children leave home, may become grandparents, provide advice for adult children
Adjust to physiological changes

17. Retirement Somewhere between 60-65 Some continue to work part time
Changing role can be difficult
New daily routine- more time with family and to socialise, may feel isolated as no with work friends
Reduced income
May wish to down size home
May buy into retirement village
May relocate to holiday areas
Dealing with aging parents, careers role, may live in own home

18. Intellectual Development
Early adulthood
Able to get your drivers licence
-finishing secondary school and either going on to university, TAFE, a traineeship or full-time
employment.

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20. Elements