1. Out of Chaos comes Order…
Tokugawa Japan
Out of Chaos comes Order…

2. But first a haiku about APWH…
the room is warm
warm
with certain colors
the room
falls still yet minds work
ホルヘ・トーレス

3. Some background is necessary
Japan before Tokugawa
Bushido: the core of samurai principles
Shinto: polytheistic; ancestor veneration; kami (spirits within natural objects)
Emperor worship
1300s –late 1500s was period of competing warlords & civil war

4. Three leaders assert control
Japanese idiom: "Nobunaga pounds the national rice cake, Hideyoshi kneads it, and in the end Ieyasu sits down and eats it."
Three leaders assert control
Oda Nobunaga: brings firearms
Hideyoshi Toyotomi: Organized control, but didn’t last long
Tokugawa Ieyasu: Ambitious, calculating, est. long control

5. Chinese culture was embraced by Japan
Confucianism: created order and ethical center
Buddhism migrates to Japan
Chinese style writing
Art & architecture

6. Tokugawa Control Alternate residences Hostage system
Conscripted labor for public works
Rearrangement of social system

7. Social Structure of Feudal Japan: 1467-1867
Emperor Rules in name only
Shogun
(Military
Leader)
Daimyo
(Warlord)
Samurai
(warriors serving
Shogun & Daimyo)
Peasants/Farmers
Low Class: Subject to will of samurai class
Merchants & Artisans
Low status but wealth was possible
Eta: Lowest of the social system

8. Tokugawa Control Fixed Residences and Fixed occupations
International Restrictions:
Christianity in Japan?
Samurai culture and bushido dominant
Kenno Code: Bushido as legal code + proscription on corruption or non-sanctioned violence
Tokugawa Success: 200 years of general peace

9. Unintended Consequences of Tokugawa Restructuring of Japan
Daimyo impoverished
Wealthy Merchants
Daimyo and Samurai Relationship changes
Samurai as Bureaucrats
Warriors without war
Decay and corruption at the center

10. Unintended Consequences of Tokugawa Restructuring of Japan
National Transportation network
Unified Language
Unified Culture
Money Economy
Farmer’s wealth

11. Unintended Consequences of Tokugawa Restructuring of Japan
Urban society
Art
Literature
Entertainment