Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
1
Chapter 9: AP World History
Islam
2
Islam in Ten Minutes
3
Political Muhammad (570-632 CE) Caliphs – successors Umayyad Dynasty
Hijra to Medina in 622 CE Return to Mecca in 630 CE Caliphs – successors Caliphates Abu Bakr Ali ‘Rightfully Guided’ Umayyad Dynasty CE Damascus, Syria Southern Spain Abbasid Dynasty CE Baghdad, Mesopotamia Fatamids, Samanids, Buyids
4
Social Strongly Patriarchal Slavery Umma Five Pillars of Islam
No public role, veiling Slavery ‘People of the Book’ Umma Mohammad’s community Five Pillars of Islam One God is Allah 5 Prayers facing Mecca Fasting Alms giving Pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj)
5
Interaction with Geography
Location Arabian interior; out of ‘sight’ Desert in the north S. Arabia as inhabitable; urban Contact via caravan trade Persia, Mesopotamia, Egypt, E. Europe, N. Africa, S. Spain
6
Cultural - 1 Islam arises from polytheism
Christianity, Judaism & Zoroastrianism influence Ka’ba as pilgrimage site Judgment Day belief Islam – ‘surrender’ Muslim – ‘one who submits’ No forced conversion Spread via trade Major sects Sunni and Shi’a Ulama – religious scholars
7
Cultural - 2 Sharia – Islamic law Sunna – Mohammad’s example
Hadith – stories of Muhammad’s life Umayyad Caliphate Southern Spain Berber, Roman, Germanic, Jewish, Arab Abbasid Caliphate ‘Golden Age’ in Baghdad Arabian Nights Greek & Roman translations Math and science
8
Economic N to S caravan routes in W. Arabia
Trade between Byzantines and Sasanids Wealth from taxes of conquered territories Agriculture and trade Islam grew faster in urban trade areas Conquered paid ‘faith tax’
Similar presentations
