1. Agenda diēs Veneris, a.d. vii Kal. Nov. A.D. MMXVIII
HW Check: worksheet 23
Do Now #16: decline deep wound (altus, -a, -um | vulnus, vulneris, n.)
Ablative of Manner
Review 3rd Declension Cons. Stem Nouns (Wksht. 24)
Pensum:
Annotate translation 6 (left side)
Study for quiz on list #6 Monday
Latin MS8
Mr. Finnigan
Boston Latin School

2. Ablative of Manner

3. Ablative of Manner
yet another use of the ablative case is the ablative of manner
abl. of manner expresses the manner in which an action is performed
answers question how? or in what manner?
What does it look like?

4. Ablative of Manner cum + noun in the abl.
must look like one of the following:
cum + noun in the abl.
adj. + noun in the abl. (adj. precedes the noun)
adj. + cum + noun in the abl.
If there is an adj., the cum may be omitted
If there is NO adj., the cum must be present
regardless of whether cum is there, you always translate using “WITH”

5. cum + noun in the abl.
Puella ad urbem cum celeritāte ambulāvit.

6. cum + noun in the abl.
Puella ad urbem cum celeritāte ambulāvit.

7. cum + noun in the abl. Puella ad urbem cum celeritāte ambulāvit.
The girl walked to the city with speed.

8. cum + noun in the abl. Puella ad urbem cum celeritāte ambulāvit.
The girl walked to the city with great speed.
Servus aquam cum dīligentiā portābat.

9. cum + noun in the abl. Puella ad urbem cum celeritāte ambulāvit.
The girl walked to the city with great speed.
Servus aquam cum dīligentiā portābat.

10. cum + noun in the abl. Puella ad urbem cum celeritāte ambulāvit.
The girl walked to the city with speed.
Servus aquam cum dīligentiā portābat.
The slave was carrying the water with care.

11. adj. + noun in the abl.
Puellae ad urbem magnā celeritāte ambulābunt.

12. adj. + noun in the abl.
Puellae ad urbem magnā celeritāte ambulābunt.

13. adj. + noun in the abl. Puellae ad urbem magnā celeritāte ambulābunt.
The girls will walk to the city with great swiftness.

14. adj. + noun in the abl. Puellae ad urbem magnā celeritāte ambulābunt.
The girls will walk to the city with great swiftness.
Servī aquam vērā dīligentiā portāverint.

15. adj. + noun in the abl. Puellae ad urbem magnā celeritāte ambulābunt.
The girls will walk to the city with great swiftness.
Servī aquam vērā dīligentiā portāverint.

16. adj. + noun in the abl. Puellae ad urbem magnā celeritāte ambulābunt.
The girls will walk to the city with great swiftness.
Servī aquam vērā dīligentiā portāverint.
The slaves will have carried the water with true diligence.

17. adj. + cum + noun in abl.
Puellae ad urbem multā cum celeritāte ambulāverant.

18. adj. + cum + noun in abl.
Puellae ad urbem multā cum celeritāte ambulāverant.

19. adj. + cum + noun in abl.
Puellae ad urbem multā cum celeritāte ambulāverant.
The girls had walked to the city with much speed.

20. adj. + cum + noun in abl.
Puellae ad urbem multā cum celeritāte ambulāverant.
The girls had walked to the city with much speed.
Servī aquam magnā cum dīligentiā portant.

21. adj. + cum + noun in abl.
Puellae ad urbem multā cum celeritāte ambulāverant.
The girls had walked to the city with much speed.
Servī aquam magnā cum dīligentiā portant.

22. adj. + cum + noun in abl.
Puellae ad urbem multā cum celeritāte ambulāverant.
The girls had walked to the city with much speed.
Servī aquam magnā cum dīligentiā portant.
The slaves are carrying the water with great care.

23. Ablative of Manner – Recap
expresses in what manner an action is performed
translate using “WITH”
must be cum + noun, adj. + noun, or adj. + cum + noun
if adj. is used, it will come before the noun or before cum
if no adj. is used, cum must be used

24. Ablative of Manner – cavēte!
do NOT confuse the abl. of manner with the abl. of means!
they sound similar (or the same), but they are different
means = tool with which you are performing the verb
Pugnāvimus telīs.  We fought with weapons.
telīs = the tool with which we fought
manner = manner in which you are performing the verb
Pugnāvimus cum audāciā.  We fought with boldness.
cum audāciā = the manner in which we fought.