1. Properties of Acids and Bases
Chapter 8
Section 3

2. Identifying Acids
Acid: A compound that produces hydronium ions (H3O+)when dissolved in water.
HCl + H2O H3O+ + Cl-
Some general properties of acids include sour taste, reactivity with metals, and ability to produce color changes in indicators.

3. Sour Tasting foods often contain acids.
You should never test an acid by tasting it.
Salad dressings have an acidic taste. This is caused by the vinegar in the dressing.
Spoiled dairy products contain an acid.

4. Reactivity with metal causes a reaction with an acid.
Aluminum foiling covering spaghetti sauce turns a blackish color.
Color Changes in Indicators
Indicator: is any substance that changes color in the presence of an acid or base.
Litmus is the best example of this. Paper test: If it is blue paper and turns red there is a presence of acid.

5. Identifying Bases
Base: is a compound that produces hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water.
NaOH Na+ + OH-
Some general properties of bases include bitter taste, slippery feel, and ability to produce color changes in indicators.

6. Color Changes in Indicators
Bitter Taste
Unsweetened chocolate or unflavored cough syrup.
Slippery Feel
Cleaning products and the feel of them.
Color Changes in Indicators
Red litmus paper turns blue in the presence of a base.

7. Neutralization and Salts
Neutralization is the reaction between an acid and a base.
The neutralization reaction between an acid and a base produces a salt and water.
(H3O+ + Cl-) + (Na+ + OH-) HOH + (Na+ + Cl-)
acid base water salt

8. Proton Donors and Acceptors
Acids can be defined as proton donors, and bases can be define as proton acceptors.