1. A person who conduct a study, identifies activities and objectives and determines a procedure to achieve the objectives.

2. Role of the Systems Analyst
Study problems and needs of an organization
Determine best approach to improving organization through use of:
People
Methods
Information technology
Help system users and managers define their requirements for new or enhanced systems

3. Skills of a Successful Systems Analyst
Technical Skills :
Ability to manage projects, resources, risk and change
Interpersonal Skills :
Effective written and oral communication skills

4. Interpersonal Skills
Communication : having the ability to articulate and speak the language of the user
Understanding : Identifying problems and assessing their solutions
Teaching : giving all the advantages to user
Selling : Selling ideas and promoting innovations in problem solving

5. Technical Skills
Creativity : helping users model ideas into concrete plans and developing
Problem Solving : reducing problems to their elemental levels for analysis.
Project Management : Scheduling, performing well under time and constraints
Dynamic Interface : blending technical and non tech interfaces

6. Questioning attitude and inquiring mind : knowing the what, how, when, why, where, who, and how a system works.
Knowledge of the basics of the computer and the business function.

7. The Analyst / User Interface
Behavioral Issues.
1. User motivation.
2. Analyst/user differences.
3. The political factor.
4. Conflict Resolution

8. Behavioral issues.
Much research has been done to study users and their relationships with system analyst.
Increasing reports of system failures that were not caused by technical problems made it necessary to seek a better understanding of the analyst/user interface

9. User Motivation
The motivational approach in system development states that the candidate system should satisfy the users’ need it they are going to use it.
The expectancy theory of user motivation stress two important relationship that have a bearing on user acceptance.
The 1st relationship is effort and performance.
The 2nd relationship is performance and rewards

10. Effort and Performance.
The user determines the probability that a certain level of motivation or efforts will improve job performance, so a user who perceives a system to be of low quality will put forth limited effort to use it
Performance and Rewards
The rewards are contingent upon performance, motivation may be enhanced. Also, the value that the user places on the perceived rewards from a candidate sys determines the motivation to use the system.

11. Conclusion from the motivational perspective
The impact of the computer on the user’s daily work is important.
System design is essentially task design.
A candidate system must be tailored to the user’s tasks to be accepted.

12. Analyst/ User Differences
Differences in education, experiences, and languages are quite obvious.
So to avoid this the user tends to take for granted the analyst’s knowledge and expects the computer to solve all problems.

13. So, two implication may be drawn for sys design are :
There is a need for mutual understanding between the analyst and the user.
Once the differences are understood and accepted, alleviating them may be possible through a deeper involvement of the user and support of the analyst.

14. Political Factor
The process of system development may be viewed as a contest for power where analysts have the initial advantage. So, where analysts and user attempt to enhance their power positions and self interests. So, to avoid this,
The political factor prompts the analyst to honestly asses the motives of all parties involved and attempt to remove barriers that lead to system failure.

15. Conflict Resolution
The role of the system analyst requires coordinating a vast network of people’s ideas and integrating them into a “Systemeering” process design.
So from various ideas the one decision is taken by the analyst to solve the problem, so that process is Conflict Resolution.

16. The Multifaceted Role of the Analyst
The roles an analyst performs are :
Change Agent.
Monitor.
Architect.
Psychologist,
Salesperson,
Motivator,
Politician.

17. The Multifaceted Role of the Analyst
Change Agent : In this, the systems analyst may select various styles to introduce change to the user organization.

18. Investigator & Monitor
Investigator and Monitor : extracting the real problems from existing systems and creating information structures that uncover previously unknown trends that may have a direct impact on the organization.

19. Architect :
Architect : It is the intermediate between the client abstract design requirements and the contractors' detailed building plan.

20. Psychologist
Psychologist : It plays a role as in the way he/she reaches people, interprets their thoughts, assesses their behavior and draws conclusions from these interactions

21. Salesperson :
Salesperson : The oral presentation of the system proposal

22. Motivator
Motivator : Giving guidance, proper training, and proper motivation to use the system.

23. Politician
Politician : It is a person who has the support of his/her constituency, so is the analyst’s goal to have the support of the user’s staff. H/she represents their thinking and tries to achieve their goals through computerizations.

24. Rising Positions in System Development
The Paraprofessional :
The Technical Writer :

25. Paraprofessional :
The task may not significantly complex or does not require highe level ability.
The task is repetition and there is are relatively well defined process for performing it.
The general support tasks require limited time for instruction relative to the time it takes to perform them.

26. The Paraprofessional General support task
Maintain current documentation on daily basis
Maintain technical literature and information retrieval services
Assist in constructing and maintaining a program development library.

27. Specific system development task
Draft DFD and structure chart based on a predetermined procedure.
Maintain data dictionaries
Code program
Prepare and maintain test data files. Check test result and modify programs based on predetermined procedure.
Prepare user manuals and other documentation.
Prepare supportive training materials when needed.

28. Some characteristics desirable in a paraprofessional are :
Communication Skills.
Ability to think like the system person being supported.
Ability to work independent.
Creative problem solving Ability.

29. Technical Writer
A technical writer (also called a technical communicator) is a professional writer who designs, creates, and maintains technical documentation. This documentation includes online help, user guides, white papers, design specifications, system manuals, and other documents.
A technical writer produces technical documentation for technical, business, and consumer audiences.

30. END