1. 16.6 The Atlantic Slave Trade
Mr. Marijanovich/Mr. Schabo
World History
Crestwood High School

2. Objectives Identify the causes of African slavery
Trace the spread of slavery throughout the Americas
Explain the triangular trade
Describe life of enslaved Africans in the colonies
Identify the consequences of the Atlantic slave trade

3. The Atlantic Slave Trade, 1500-1800
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4. The Atlantic Slave Trade
To meet their growing labor needs, Europeans enslaved millions of Africans in the Americas.
Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

5. The Causes of African Slavery
Slavery in Africa
Slavery has existed in Africa for centuries, but been minor practice
Spread of Islam produces more slavery in Africa
In African, Muslim lands, slaves have some rights
The Demand for Africans
Need for workers in Americas raises demand for enslaved Africans
Africans withstand diseases, have farming skills, unlikely to escape
Atlantic slave trade—forced movement of many Africans to Americas
Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

6. The Causes of African Slavery (cont.)
Spain and Portugal Lead the Way
By 1650, about 300,000 enslaved Africans in Spanish colonies
Portugal brings many more slaves to sugar plantations in Brazil
Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

7. The Causes of African Slavery (cont.)
Systems of Labor
Encomienda laborers not property; slaver considered property
encomienda laborers relocated; slaves forcefully taken from homeland
encomienda laborers somewhat protected by crown; slaves were not
Indentured servitude vs. slavery
Indentured servitude—system of labor by which a person would work to pay off the cost of coming to America
servitude lasted a set amount of years; slavery was for life
Wage labor vs. slavery
wager laborers paid, volunteered labor; slaves unpaid, forced into labor
Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

8. Slavery Spreads Throughout the Americas
England Dominates the Slave Trade
From 1690 to 1807, England dominates slave trade
About 400,000 enslaved Africans brought to North American colonies
African Cooperation and Resistance
Many African rulers capture people to be sold into slavery
Later, some rulers protest the trade
Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

9. African Slave Export per Year
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10. Review Break!
Thumbs up if the answer is true, thumbs down if the answer is false:
 Slavery has existed in Africa for centuries, and was always a major practice
FALSE!!! (It had been only a minor practice)
Servitude lasted a set amount of years where slavery was for life.
TRUE, bro 
From 1690 to 1807, Spain and Portugal dominated slave trade
FALSE!!! (England, though Spain and Portugal had a high number as well)

11. A Forced Journey The Triangular Trade One trade route:
Triangular trade —trade network linking Europe, Africa, Americas
One trade route:
manufactured goods move from Europe to Africa
people move from Africa to Americas
sugar, coffee, tobacco (cash crops) move from Americas to Europe
The Middle Passage
Africans to Americas known as the Middle Passage
As many as 20 percent of Africans die on these journeys
Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

12. Triangle Trade, bro

13. Slavery in the Americas
A Harsh Life
In Americas, captured Africans sold at auction to highest bidder
Life is difficult: long work hours; poor food, housing, clothing
Resistance and Rebellion
Africans maintain musical, cultural traditions
Some resist by breaking tools or working slowly
Some run away or take part in revolts
Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

14. Slaves at Work in a Mine
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15. Consequences of the Slave Trade
African societies suffer from loss of so many people
African families disrupted
In Americas, labor of enslaved people helps build new societies
Enslaved Africans affect culture in Americas
Population in Americas changes
Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

16. African-American Culture
Diversity of African cultures concentrated in slave population
Blend of cultures
African languages when numbers permit, otherwise European language adapted with African influences
Creole languages
Christianity adapted to incorporate African traditions
©2011, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.