1. The Relationship Between the Earth and Living Organisms
A Combination of Biological and Geological Concepts

2. Factors that Make a Planet Habitable:
Temperature
Influences how quickly atoms and molecules move

3. Factors that Make a Planet Habitable:
Water
Dissolves and transports chemicals within and to/from a cell

4. Factors that Make a Planet Habitable:
Atmosphere
Traps heat, shields the surface from harmful radiation, and provides chemicals needed for life, such as nitrogen and carbon dioxide

5. Factors that Make a Planet Habitable:
Energy
Organisms use light or chemical energy to run their life processes

6. Factors that Make a Planet Habitable:
Nutrients
Used to build and maintain an organism’s body

7. Three Stages of Earth’s Atmosphere:
Earth’s original atmosphere was composed mostly of hydrogen and helium.
Earth and it’s atmosphere were very hot.
Gases moved so fast they escaped Earth’s gravity and drifted off into space.

8. Three Stages of Earth’s Atmosphere:
Earth’s second atmosphere came from Earth itself.
Volcanoes were very common because Earth’s crust was still forming.
Volcanoes produced
Steam (H2O)
CO2
Ammonia (NH3)

9. Three Stages of Earth’s Atmosphere:
Much of the CO2 dissolved into the oceans.
A simple bacteria developed that could live on CO2 and energy from the sunlight.
These bacteria also produced O2 as a waste product.
O2 began to build up in the atmosphere and CO2 continued to decrease.
Ammonia was broken down into hydrogen and nitrogen atoms.
Much of the hydrogen drifted off into space.

10. Cyanobacteria Chemosynthetic bacteria
Takes Methane (CH4) and Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and turns it into Water (H2O), Oxygen (O2), and Carbon (C).

11. Photosynthesis
Method of converting sun energy into chemical energy usable by cells
CO2 + H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + O2
(reactants)
(products)

12. Succession
Primary succession – The building of a habitat or ecosystem that has never before sustained life. No soil present. Results from retreating glaciers, volcanos
Secondary succession - The rebuilding of a habitat or ecosystem that was disrupted or destroyed due to natural disasters or human impact.
Pioneer species –First species to populate an area during primary succession. Example: lichens.

13. Mass Extinction When the majority of a dominant species dies off.
(There have been 5 major mass extinctions through out Geologic Time)
Can be caused by natural disasters, global issues, human impact on a massive scale, etc.
Examples: Ice Age, Meteor, Destroying our Ozone, Global Volcanic Eruptions where the ash blocks out the Sun.

14. Mass Extinctions
The evidence strongly suggests that the extinction of the dinosaurs was the result of a large meteor striking the earth about 60 million years ago.

15. Copy the habitable factors chart into your notes.
Because it is such a large chart and so much information, please use a full page.