1. Islam Beyond the Caliphates

2. Delhi Sultanate ( )
The Delhi Sultanate was a group of Turkic invaders
that conquered and unified the India subcontinent
When conquering, they frequently destroyed
enemy temples and shrines (mainly Hindu)
They also persecuted other religions, such as Hinduism, Sikhism / Guru Nanak
Brutal tax collections and Hindu-Muslim conflicts would
ultimately weaken and leave Delhi vulnerable to the Mughals
Did however repel Mongol attacks and were an integral part of trade (I.O. and Silk Rd)

3. Islamic Trade and Diasporas
Islamic merchants dominated Indian Ocean Trade from the 700s to 1500s
Merchants settled along trading towns, forming diasporic
communities, and spreading Islam along with them
Mosques were setup as locals would often covert to Islam in areas
that were not held by a uniform religion (Malaysia, Indonesia, East Africa)
Other diasporic communities included the
Chinese in Southeast Asia (Singapore)
Jewish communities also moved along trade routes
in the Mediterranean, and along the Silk Road

5. Islam in W. Africa Ghana – 600s-1200s Mali – 1230 - 1670
After 1000 CE, Arab traders, now crossing Saharan with camels and caravans, firmly
established a Muslim presence in the W. African civilizations of Ghana and later Mali
W. African leaders gained prestige from Islam,
trade benefits, and administrative advice from Arabs
Mansa Musa of Mali even made the high-profile pilgrimage to Mecca
Muslim took hold of education W. Africa (150+ Quranic schools in Timbuktu)
However, W. Africa kings did not enforce Islam on their subjects,
or impose Arab culture (example: women not hidden away)
Islamic law not incorporated to state

7. Golden Age of Islam
Islamic mathematicians also used Indian numeric symbols to develop algebra
They also borrowed heavily from Greek and Indian ideas of medicine
Islamic medicine built upon early treatment methods, and learned to
correctly diagnose many diseases (measles, smallpox, etc.)
Developed various methods for treatment, and started the
first hospitals and traveling clinics

8. Tech and Syncretism
Along with religion, technology was passed via trade from China, through the
Dar-al-Islam (Muslim-ruled lands)—mostly the Abbasid Caliphate
Paper and printing techniques were passed through India (600 CE),
the Abbasid Caliphate (700), Spain (1150), and Ger/Fra by 1300
Syncretism
Locals also had a major impact on the beliefs and
functions of the caliphates and sultanates
Persian bureaucracy, capital (Baghdad = Persepolis),
administration, and coinage were adopted by the Abbasid
Additionally, the veil in Islam is actually a Persian tradition of high-class women

10. Sikhism Founded in India in the 1400s by Guru Nanak, Sikhism
was a syncretic blend of Islam, Hinduism, and Buddhism
Include faith and meditation on the name of the one creator (Islam)
egalitarian (Buddhism)
unity of all humankind (Hinduism)
engaging in selfless service, striving for social justice
for the benefit and prosperity of all (response to caste)
The Sikh people, mostly Punjabi, did and have endured persecution under the
Delhi sultanate, and later states of the Mughal Empire and India / Pakistan