1. Causes and events of the Texas Revolution

2. Texas’ situation after the Mexican Revolution
During the early years of settlement in Texas, the relationship between the settlers and the government of Mexico was very good. The Federalist government in Mexico had passed the Constitution of 1824, which established the single Mexican state of Coahuila y Texas. Texas would be allowed a single representative within the legislature. Texas could also become a single state after its population grew.
The Centralists took power from the Federalists in Mexico in The Centralist felt that more authority should be established in the colonies. However, the colonists greatly resented the new regulations because the Federalist government had allowed them a substantial amount of freedom.

3. Fredonian Rebellion
In 1826, in Nacogdoches, a group of Texans formed the Fredonian Republic led by the Edwards Brothers, claimed the area was no longer under Mexican control.

4. VS. Fredonian Rebellion
Stephen F. Austin sided with the Mexican government and marched to Nacogdoches to help stop the rebellion. It ended quickly.

5. Mier y Terán Report
In 1828, the Mexican government sent Gen. Manuel Mier y Terán to investigate the conditions in northern Texas. He found that the Anglo-Americans out numbered Mexicans 10 to 1.

6. Law of April 6, 1830
Outlawed immigration from the U.S. to Texas and canceled all empresarial grants that had not been fulfilled.
Slaves could no longer be brought into Mexico to work,
Taxed goods entering Texas from the U.S.

7. Turtle Bayou Resolutions
John Austin was sent to retrieve a cannon and asked to pledged their continued loyalty to Mexico
According to the resolutions, the colonists declared their loyalty to Mexico, the Constitution of 1824, and Mexican dictator Santa Anna, who was leading a rebellion against the Centralist government in Mexico.
This event resulted in Colonel Jose de las Piedras ordering the release of William B. Travis and Patrick Jack from jail.

8. Conflicts at Velasco & Anahuac
The colonists at Turtle Bayou also sent for a cannon to strengthen their position. However, while the colonists at Turtle Bayou were waiting on the cannon, negotiations between Mexican officials and the settlers led to a peaceful resolution of the situation at Anahuac. Patrick Jack and William B. Travis were released and Bradburn was removed from his command.
Meanwhile the colonists who were sent to get the cannon, clashed with the Mexican military at Velasco. The colonists were attempting to sail past the Mexican garrison at Velasco when shots were fired. The colonists returned fire and a battle began. Eventually the Mexican army ran short of ammunition. Settlers from Texas and members of the Mexican garrison were killed during the Battle of Velasco. By the time the settlers returned to Turtle Bayou, the conflict at Anahuac had been resolved.

9. The Convention of 1832
Greatly concerned by the events at Anahuac and Velasco, the colonists send delegates to a convention in San Felipe in Stephen F. Austin presided.
The Convention of 1832 adopted the following resolutions:
demand that Texas become a separate state
immigration from the U.S. be allowed
tax exemptions on goods imported from the U.S.
greater protection from Native Americans
recognition of land ownership for many East Texas settlers

10. Arrest of Stephen F. Austin
Austin travels to Mexico to meet with Mexican officials
Austin sends a letter back to Texas to tell Texas officials to establish a state government.
On his return, he is arrested for treason

11. The Texas Declaration of Independence
Richard Ellis was elected president of the Texas constitutional convention
George Childress was in charge of writing the Texas Declaration of Independence
Lorenzo de Zavala helped design the government at Washington-on- the Brazos.
The Texas Declaration of Independence was unanimously approved by the delegates on March 2, 1836.
David G. Burnett was selected as the interim president. Lorenzo de Zavala was chosen as the ad interim vice-president. Sam Houston was put in charge of all Texas military forces.

12. Leaders of the Texas Revolution
Sam Houston
General of the Texan Army.
Was a Governor of Tennessee
Would become the 1st and 3rd President of the Texas Republic.
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
Dictator and General of the Mexican Empire.
Was known as “The Napoleon of the West”, because he was a great general

13. The battle of San Jacinto
The battle of Gonzales
The siege of the Alamo
The battle of Goliad
The battle of San Jacinto
Gonzales---Siege of the Alamo—Battle of Goliad---Battle of San Jacinto

14. The Battle of Gonzales
First battle of the Texas Revolution – October 2, 1835
Citizens of Gonzales would not give up a cannon that was given to them by the Mexican government to protect them from Indians.
The battle proved to Texas that the Mexican Army could be defeated and Independence received.

15. Siege of Bexar (San Antonio)
After the success at Gonzales, the Texans wanted to defeat the main Mexican Army in San Antonio de Bexar.
Austin colony sent 600 militia solders to attack the 1,200 Mexican solders led by General Martin Perfecto de Cos.
Cos underestimated the Texans and eventually surrendered

16. The Alamo & Goliad
1) The City's blocked the major roads from Mexico to Texas.
2) The city's were well defended with forts designed from Missions
3) The forts had cannons, which made the solders feel safer.
The Alamo had more cannons than any other fort west of the Mississippi river.
The Alamo protected Texas's Largest city San Antonio de Bexar

17. Siege of the Alamo Santa Anna arrived in San Antonio
Sam Houston ordered the Alamo to be destroyed.
James Bowie and James Neill decided that the Alamo was too important.
James Bowie and William Travis began to recruit supporters.
Santa Anna arrived in San Antonio
Alamo was able to last for 13 days
The fall of the Alamo occurred on the morning of March 6, 1836.

18. William Travis’ Letter
I am besieged by a thousand or more of the Mexicans under Santa Anna. I have sustained a continual bombardment & cannonade for 24 hours & have not lost a man. The enemy has demanded surrender at discretion, otherwise the garrisons are to be put to the sword if the fort is taken. I have answered the demand with a cannon shot, and our flag still waves proudly from the walls. I shall never surrender nor retreat. —Letter from the Alamo, February 24, 1836

19. Juan Seguín Siege of the Alamo He was the only survivor of the Alamo
( )
He was the only survivor of the Alamo
He was sent out with a message to warn Sam Houston
He continued to serve under Sam Houston at the Battle of San Jacinto

20. Siege of Goliad (La Bahia)
When Travis letter reached Sam Houston he ordered Colonel James Fannin to leave Goliad and meet him at Gonzales
However, Fannin was extremely slow and never made it!
James Fannin allowed his solders to rest along Coleto Creek
However because the Army was in an open field it was easily surrounded.
He surrendered to General Urrea.

21. Remember the Alamo & Goliad
All solders were killed at the Alamo:189 in all.
James Fannin army had 465 solders. 342 of the 465 were killed. 28 escaped, 20 were spared as workers and 75 were unarmed captives (slaves, the too young and too old)
After the Massacre many new Texas citizens joined the Texan Army
The Texan battle cry would be “Remember the Alamo, remember Goliad”

22. Battle of San Jacinto
With the death of Fannin and Santa Anna on the march, Sam Houston had to retreat
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna decided to rest in a valley near La Porte.
Texan scouts reported this to Houston. Who was only a few miles away.
Houston burned every way out of San Jacinto and attacked the Mexican Army about 3:00 p.m.
The battle lasted 18 minutes (Shortest Battle in History)

23. Santa Anna’s Surrender
Santa Anna was captured the next day after San Jacinto and surrendered to Sam Houston
Remember he was not only a general but the dictator of Mexico as well
However once he returned to Mexico he said the treaty was void.

24. Texas Revolution
American Revolution
Mexico originally left the settlers alone.
Great Britain originally left the colonists alone.
The settlers began to develop Texas largely on their own.
The colonists began to develop the colonies largely on their own.
Mexico feared losing control over Texas and cracked down.
Great Britain feared losing control over the colonies and cracked down.
Santa Anna denied the settlers their rights.
King George III denied the colonists their rights.
Settlers believed in self-government and lived over 1,200 miles away from the seat of government in Mexico City.
Colonists believed in self-government and lived over 3,000 miles away from the seat of government in England.
The Texas troops were made up of untrained volunteers.
The Continental Army was made up of untrained volunteers.
Settlers were upset at having to pay taxes to Mexico
Colonists were upset at having to pay taxes to England.
Settlers felt they had little representation in the Mexican government.
Colonists felt they had little representation in the English Parliament.
Mexico sent troops to Texas to force policy changes on the settlers.
England sent troops to the American colonies to force taxes on the colonists.

25. Where Were the battles

26. Future Problems
Texas clamed Texas border was the Rio Grande River to the Red River
Mexico clamed Texas border was the Nueces River to the Red River