1. Integrity and Ethics: Building Integrity in Workplace
Tulasi Sharan Sigdel
Director of Studies, NASC
2/16/2019

2. Session objectives Explain concept of integrity and ethics
Analyze issues of transparency and accountability in public sector
Analyze the factors influencing integrity
Identify integrity building measures
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3. Contents Integrity and ethics: Foundation of leadership
Transparency and accountability in public sector
Factors influencing integrity and ethics
Integrity building techniques
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4. What is integrity?
Integrity is knowing right things to do and doing the right things
Integrity is not an absolute notion that you either have or totally lack. Such a black or white approach would, yet again, render the notion meaningless since no institution is without some blemish or occasional rule that requires bending.
It is an ability to create problem solving alternatives with respect to legal provisions and not compromising with integrity values.
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5. Philosophical approaches
Utilitarian approach
Rights approach
Fairness or justice approach
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6. Ethical Landscape
Source: Carol W. Lewis
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7. Why fail in integrity building?
The context problem in picture!
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Source: Matt Andrews; Limits of institutional reform in development

8. Ethical Competence: 3 Elements
Ability to identify and name an integrity problem
Knowledge of the legislation, codes, standards related to the problem
Able to identify the solution
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9. Characteristics of ‘Toxic Leader’ VS ‘Integrity Builder’
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10. Core Characteristics of Toxic Leader
1. Commitment to public interest
2. Incorruptibility 4.
Experimentation
3. Consistency of goal
6. Institutional intelligence
5. Competence
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11. Core Characteristics of Popular and Self-serving Leader
1. Commitment to public interest
2. Incorruptibility 4.
Experimentation
3. Consistency of goal
6. Institutional intelligence
5. Competence
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12. Core Characteristics of Integrity Builder
1. Commitment to public interest
2. Incorruptibility 4.
Experimentation
3. Consistency of goal
6. Institutional intelligence
5. Competence
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13. Video
An offer that they can not refuse
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14. Horizontal and Vertical accountability
Executive
Civil service/public sector
Legislature
Oversight Institutions
Citizens
Diagonal
Vertical
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15. What do we do in everyday life?
Integrity: Viable Options 3 5
Loyalty
Exit
Voice 2 1 4
Organize 6
Source: Albert O. Hirshman
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16. What is integrity? I = a (A+C+E ) – C I-integrity A- accountability
C- competence
E- ethics
C- corruption
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17. Why integrity problems arises?
Discrepancy between…
A contract and actual execution
Policy and implementation
Entitlements and access
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18. The roots of integrity
In a case, Nurturing a high-integrity culture, Jean Francois Manzoni writes:
Organization, that employ lasting success in terms of both performance and integrity, have developed a strong and positive organizational culture that nurtures its employees.
Changing organization culture requires modifying the common way of thinking
The first step for quest for integrity is basic compliance dimension. While this is necessary condition but not sufficient.
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19. Cont.…
High integrity entails more than respecting rules and regulations; it implies “doing the right things” for the organization
Building trust and trustworthiness
Eg: why should I pay tax?
How does my government make the best use of money I paid?
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20. Cont… “Breakdowns” of Integrity
Fear
Need?/Greed
How do these two things shape employee’s behaviour in organization?
How does it paralyzes organization’s culture?
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21. Let’s see some evidences? Some inserts from the reports from GoN
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22. 2/16/2019
PPMO report 2074

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24. 2/16/2019

25. स्रोत: महालेखा परीक्षकको प्रतिवेदन २०७३
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26. Some Photos:
Crushing stones
Gavin-ware wall
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27. Extracting stones
Crushing stones
Road
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28. 2/16/2019

29. Integrity versus Compliance
Reactive Proactive
Integrity versus Compliance
Compliance training
Integrity testing
Zero tolerance policy
Code of Conduct
Business Collective Action
Supplier “white lists”
Rewards to whistle-blowers
Integrity Pact
Medium return, Medium risk
Community Integrity Building
Multi-stakeholder initiatives with oversight
Integrity as competitive differentiator
Holistic/step change
High return, High risk
Ethics advice center
Ethics officer
Code of Ethics
Compliance-plus ethics
Low return, Low risk
Whistle-blower hotline
Whistle-blower protection
Supplier “black lists”
Low return, Low risk
Compliance Integrity
Adopted form Integrity Action

30. Integrity versus Compliance
Reactive Proactive
Integrity versus Compliance
Community Integrity Building
Multi-stakeholder initiatives with oversight
Integrity as competitive differentiator
Holistic/step change
High return, High risk
Compliance training
Integrity testing
Zero tolerance policy
Code of Conduct
Business Collective Action
Supplier “white lists”
Rewards to whistle-blowers
Integrity Pact
Medium return, Medium risk
Ethics advice center
Ethics officer
Code of Ethics
Compliance-plus ethics
Low return, Low risk
Whistle-blower hotline
Whistle-blower protection
Supplier “black lists”
Low return, Low risk
Compliance Integrity
Adopted from Integrity Action

31. Factors affecting Integrity…
Executive as an Individual
Internal/ Organizational
External Environment
Family Influences
Policies, Code of conduct
Government regulations
Religious / Cultural values
Behaviour of leaders, supervisors, peers and subordinates
Norms and values of politics – political behaviour
Personal standards, and needs
Organisational culture
Ethical climate of society- social values and norms
My Choice
Ethical Behaviour
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32. Why integrity matters in leadership?
For both legal and social approval of actions
Building trust and trustworthiness
Maintaining equality, justice and fairness
Gain social/public respect
Satisfying the ‘self’
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33. Thank You !
Have a good day !
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