1. Genetic Engineering

2. Genetic Engineering
The direct manipulation of DNA to altar and organism’s characteristics (phenotype) in a particular way
Examples-plants to improve crops-growth rates of potatoes, tomatoes & rice
Animals-therapeutic protein in their milk that can treat cystic fibrosis
Worms-glow in dark to study Alzheimer’s

3. Transgenic Organisms
Organism that have altered genomes (or DNA)

4. Clone
An organism or group of cells, produced asexually where they are genetically identical

5. South Korean cloning and stem cell researcher Hwang Woo Suk (left) and Gerald Schatten of the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine with Snuppy, the first successfully cloned dog, Aug. 3, 2005

6. Process of cloning Only one egg cell needed
Pull DNA from animal cell & put into egg cell
Egg cell from other animal is used-remove nucleus (with DNA)
DNA is placed in nucleus free cell

7. Restriction Enzyme An enzyme produced by bacteria
Is able to cut DNA molecules near specific sequences of bases
Restriction Endonucleases

8. Restriction Enzyme

9. Gel Electrophoresis Lab method used to separate DNA, RNA or proteins
Molecules to be separated are pushed by an electrical field through gel
DNA = negative charge so it moves towards positive end of gel

11. Gene Therapy
Introduces genetic material into cells to make up for abnormal genes.
Viruses are used to add genes to cells- they can deliver the new gene by infecting the cell.

12. Recombinant DNA
Joins DNA molecules together from two different species
Inserted into host organism to produce new genetic combinations

13. Recombinant DNA