1. Air Pollutants and Their Sources

2. Six Common Air Pollutants
EPA is required to set National Ambient Air Quality Standards for:
Lead
Sulfur Dioxide
Nitrogen Oxides
Particulates
Carbon Monoxide
Ozone
The first five are Primary Pollutants – the direct product of combustion and evaporation

4. Names, symbols, sources, characteristics, and general effects of major air pollutants. 1st 7 are primary pollutants – the direct products of combustion or evaporation. Secondary are from additional reactions

5. Sources of Primary Pollutants

6. Sources of Primary Pollutants

7. Sources of Primary Pollutants

14. Some Good News…

15. Secondary Pollutants
Primary Pollutants undergo further reaction to form:
Ozone
Peroxyacetal nitrates (PANs)
Sulfuric acid
Nitric acid

16. Effects on Human Health
Chronic effects
Chronic bronchitis, fibrosis of the lung, heart disease, immune system damage, asthma, cancer, mental retardation
Acute effects
Death can occur, but usually in weakened individual. Death from air pollution disasters, changes in cardiac rhythm leading to MI.
Carcinogens
Heavy metals and organic constituents may be responsible for a large number of cancer cases. Include diesel exhaust, soot, benzene

17. Effects on the Environment
Crop damage
Forest damage
Aesthetic damage
Visibility
Aquatic ecosystem damage

18. Controlling Air Pollution
Clean Air Act, 1970, 1977, 1990 – setting standards and establishing control methods and timetables to reach standards
NAAQS – National Ambient Air Quality Standards – involved in setting standards of the highest level that can be tolerated by humans without effect with a margin of safety. Long and short term standards
NESHAP – National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants – track and regulate toxic substances
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