1. EUT 122 Skills and Technology in Communication
Miss Zainab Nazar Khalil Wafi
Miss Wan Nor Ashiqin Wan Ali
Lecturers IKOM / Jajawi

2. NETWORKS: COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
TOPIC 3
NETWORKS: COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

3. COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY*
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COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
Communications is the process of sending and receiving messages electronically between two points.
REQUEST DATA
This is Figure 7.3.
REPLY DATA *

4. COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY*
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A communications channel is a path used to send and receive messages. A1 B1 C1 A2 B2
This is Figure 7.3. C2
Path 1: A1----A2
Path 2: B1----B2
Path 3: C1----C2 *

5. COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY*
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COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
Communication devices convert data into signals to travel over a medium.
Computers
Modems
Routers
Switches
Network interface cards (NICs)
This is Figure 7.3. *

6. COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY*
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COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
A node is any device connected to a network.
1) Network interface card (NIC)
An expansion board or adapter that provides a connection between the computer and the network
Notebook computers have wireless NICs *

7. COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY*
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COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
2) Routers
Connect two or more networks
Determine the best route to transmit data
3) Switches
Filter and forward data between nodes
Are similar to routers but work within a single network *

8. COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY*
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COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
4) Wireless access point
Receives and transmits radio signals
Joins wireless nodes to a wired network
This is Figure 7.5. *

9. COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY*
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COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
5) File server
High-speed computer that provides program and data files to network users
Contains the network operating system (NOS)
Internet services support
Protection of services and data
Access to connected hardware by authorized users *

10. COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY*
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COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
Communication technology is consists of wired technology and wireless technology.
Wired technology refers to the transmission of data through a wire medium of communication.
Wireless technology is a type of data communication that is performed and delivered wirelessly.
connecting and communicating between two or more devices using a wireless signal through wireless communication devices.
This is Figure 7.3. *

11. COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY*
COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
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Wired technology
Transmission
Coaxial cable
Telephone lines
Twisted pair cable
USB cable
Communication medium
Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)
Coaxial cable
This is Figure 7.3.
Twisted pair cable *

12. COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY*
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COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
Wireless technology
Transmission
Broadcast radio
Infrared
Satellite
Microwave
Radio (Cellular)
Bluetooth
Communication medium
Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)
General Packet Radio Service (GPRS)
Voice over IP (VoIP)
This is Figure 7.3. *

13. COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY*
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COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
Wired and wireless applications
Internet telephony, or VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol)
Offers computer-to-phone and phone-to-phone transmission through the Internet
Videoconferencing transmits sound and video images to people in different locations using:
Video camera
Skype software
This is Figure 7.3. *

14. COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY*
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COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
Wired and wireless applications
Facsimile transmission (fax) transmits documents over a telephone line or the Internet using either:
A standalone fax machine, or
A computer with a fax modem and a scanner
Satellite technology
Satellite radio
GPS (Global Positioning System)
This is Figure 7.3. *

15. COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY*
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COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
Wired and wireless applications
Text messaging
using a cell phone for applications previously used on computers
Instant messaging
Brief
Picture messaging
Transmits color pictures and backgrounds
Cellular telephone acts as a camera
This is Figure 7.3. *

16. COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY*
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COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
A network links multiple computer systems to enable them to share data and resources.
Categories of computer networks for business and organizations:
Local area network (LAN)
Wide area network (WAN) *

17. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
NETWORK STRUCTURES
Structure of LAN
Structure of WAN
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

18. NETWORK FUNDAMENTALS LAN Uses cables, radio waves, or infrared signals*
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NETWORK FUNDAMENTALS
LAN
Uses cables, radio waves, or infrared signals
Links computers in a limited geographic area *

19. NETWORK FUNDAMENTALS WAN Uses long-distance transmission media*
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NETWORK FUNDAMENTALS
WAN
Uses long-distance transmission media
Links computer systems a few miles or thousands of miles apart
The Internet is the largest WAN *

20. LOCAL AREA NETWORK 1) Peer-to-peer (P2P) networks*
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LOCAL AREA NETWORK
1) Peer-to-peer (P2P) networks
Share files without a file server
Are easy to set up
Are best used for home or small offices with no more than 10 computers
Do not require a network operating system
Can be slow if there are too many users
Security is not strong *

21. LOCAL AREA NETWORK 2) Client/server networks*
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LOCAL AREA NETWORK
2) Client/server networks
Made up of one or more file servers and clients (any type of computer)
Client software enables requests to be sent to the server
Wired or wireless connections
Do not slow down with heavy use *

22. LOCAL AREA NETWORK 3) Virtual private network (VPN)*
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LOCAL AREA NETWORK
3) Virtual private network (VPN)
Operates over the Internet
Is accessible by authorized users for quick access to corporate information
VPN is a method by which a user can access an organization's internal network over the Internet in a secure manner. *

23. LOCAL AREA NETWORK LAN topologies*
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LOCAL AREA NETWORK
LAN topologies
Network topology is the physical design of a LAN.
Network topology is the layout pattern of interconnections of the various elements
Topology can be understood as the shape or structure of a network. *

24. LOCAL AREA NETWORK LAN topologies Bus topology*
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LOCAL AREA NETWORK
LAN topologies
Bus topology
Practical for home or small office
One node transmits at a time
Star topology
For office buildings, computer labs, and WANs
Easy to add users
Ring topology
For a division of a company or one floor
Not in common use today *

25. *
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BUS TOPOLOGY
This is Figure 7.11. *

26. *
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STAR TOPOLOGY
This is Figure 7.12. *

27. *
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RING TOPOLOGY
This is Figure 7.13. *

28. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
WIDE AREA NETWORK
A Wide Area Network (WAN) is a telecommunication network that covers a broad area.
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

29. WIDE AREA NETWORK WAN protocols Internet protocols*
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WIDE AREA NETWORK
WAN protocols
Internet protocols
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
Defines how Internet-connected computers can exchange, control, and confirm messages
Internet Protocol (IP)
Provides a distinct identification to any computer connected to the Internet: the IP address
TCP/IP
Together, they define how the Internet works. *

30. IP--->>>TCP--->>>TCP/IP

31. WIDE AREA NETWORK WAN protocols Circuit switching Packet switching*
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WIDE AREA NETWORK
WAN protocols
Circuit switching
Used by the public switched telephone network to send data over a physical end-to-end circuit
Provides a direct connection between devices
Packet switching
Used for computer communication
Divides and sends outgoing messages as packets, which are reassembled upon receipt
More efficient and less expensive than circuit switching *

32. HOME NETWORK Wired Home Networks*
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HOME NETWORK
Wired Home Networks
Ethernet networks link computers with a switch or router.
This is Figure 7.23. *

33. HOME NETWORK Wireless Home Networks Wi-Fi is the wireless standard.*
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HOME NETWORK
Wireless Home Networks
Wi-Fi is the wireless standard.
Uses radio signals
Communicates through network access points
Needs wireless adapter or router
This is Figure 7.25. *

34. HOME NETWORK Setting up a home network Planning Select technology*
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HOME NETWORK
Setting up a home network
Planning
Select technology
Purchase equipment and firewall software
Configuring a wired network
Connect each computer to the router
Plug printer, scanner, etc., into a computer *

35. HOME NETWORK Setting up a home network Setting up a wireless network*
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HOME NETWORK
Setting up a home network
Setting up a wireless network
Connect each node to wireless router with a wireless adapter
Connect DSL or cable modem to wireless router
Maintenance and support
Minimal maintenance required
Unplug power source from router and other peripherals and restart computer to correct problems *

36. *
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SUMMARY
The two main types of networks are Local Area Networks (LANs) and Wide Area Networks (WANs). *

37. *
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SUMMARY
Two main categories of LANs are peer-to-peer (P2P) and client/server.
Topologies of a LAN include the bus topology, the ring topology, and the star topology.
Protocols define the manner in which network devices communicate. *

38. THE END