1. Fermentation

2. Step 1: Glycolysis Where? In cytoplasm of cell (anaerobic)
Mitochondrion
Glucose
C6H12O6 C C
ATP
ATP C C
En-zyme C C
Where? In cytoplasm of cell (anaerobic)
What happens?
A) Glucose (from our food) is broken down into 2 pyruvate
B) 2 ATP molecules released for cellular processes

3. What’s after Glycolysis?
Leads to either:
Cellular Respiration
With O2 present
Kreb’s Cycle
Electron transport chain
Anaerobic Respiration
Without O2
Fermentation
Allows glycolysis to restart/continue
glycolysis
ATP
ATP
fermentation
No O2 O2
ATP

4. Step 2: Fermentation
During prolonged exercise, the oxygen you inhale mainly goes to your brain. Your muscles are now lacking oxygen.
Yeast perform alcoholic fermentation to make bread. Why isn’t bread alcoholic?
How to relieve sore muscles:
Massage
Bananas
Stretch after
Hydrate
Alcohol evaporates in the baking process
Muscle cells perform fermentation to keep you going!
Two Types of Fermentation (both anaerobic):
A) Lactic Acid fermentation
Performed by animals when muscle cells are not receiving O2
Lactic acid created
B) Alcoholic fermentation
Performed by yeast, some plants, bacteria
Alcohol and CO2 created

5. Lactic Acid vs. Alcoholic Fermentation
glycolysis
glycolysis
Lactic acid
Alcohol + CO2
Lactic acid fermentation
Alcoholic fermentation
Lactic Acid
Alcoholic
Location: Cytoplasm
Amount of ATP created: Zero
The Point? Make molecules to restart glycolysis
Product: Lactic acid
Location: Cytoplasm
Amount of ATP created: Zero
The Point? Make molecules to restart glycolysis
Product: Alcohol and CO2

6. (aerobic respiration) (anaerobic respiration)
Cellular Respiration
(aerobic respiration)
Where? In the mitochondria
Steps? Kreb’s cycle and electron transport chain
What happens? Pyruvate converted into 34 ATPs
With oxygen present
Glycolysis (anaerobic)
Where? In the cell’s cytoplasm
What happens?
Glucose is split into 2 pyruvate,
2 ATP created
If oxygen is lacking
Fermentation
(anaerobic respiration)
Where? In the cytoplasm
What happens?
Pyruvate is broken into either lactic acid or alcohol
Molecules to restart glycolysis created (No ATP)
Glycolysis restarts

7. Review Name the two types of fermentation.
How much ATP does glycolysis create?
How much ATP does fermentation create?
Which molecule is broken down during glycolysis?
A buildup of which molecule causes sore muscles?
Which molecules are created by alcoholic fermentation?
Which molecules are created by lactic acid fermentation?
Is fermentation aerobic or anaerobic? What does this mean?
Why is aerobic (cellular) respiration preferred vs. fermentation?

8. Review Answers Name the two types of fermentation.
Lactic Acid and Alcoholic
How much ATP does glycolysis create?
2 ATP
How much ATP does fermentation create?
ZERO ATP
Which molecule is broken down during glycolysis?
Glucose
A buildup of which molecule causes sore muscles?
Lactic Acid
Which molecules are created by alcoholic fermentation?
Alcohol and CO2
Which molecules are created by lactic acid fermentation?
Is fermentation aerobic or anaerobic? What does this mean?
Anaerobic, which means the process does NOT require oxygen
Why is aerobic (cellular) respiration preferred vs. fermentation?
Aerobic (cellular) respiration creates more ATP; specifically 36 ATP, while fermentation does not create any ATP, but allows glycolysis to continue.