1. Bellringer:
What motivates you to eat? Is it physiological (physical) factors or psychological (mental) factors? Explain your answer.

2. Learning Targets 1. Describe the four theories of motivation
2. Discuss the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation.

3. Pre-Assessment
Answer the true and false questions to test your knowledge of motivation

4. Motivation
Motivation is an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal

5. 4 theories of motivation
Instincts
Drive-Reduction Theory
Incentive theory
Cognitive theory

6. Instinct Theory We are motivated by a variety of instincts
Instincts: natural or inherited tendencies of an organism to make a specific response to certain environmental stimuli without any reason
Ex: Salmon travel thousands of miles to return to where they were born
Ex.: Human instincts: cleanliness, curiosity, parental love
Criticism
Doesn’t explain behavior; only labels

7. Drive-Reduction Theory
That “something” that motivates us starts with a need and leads to a drive
Need: results from a lack of something desireful or useful
Physiological needs: oxygen and food to survive
Psychological needs: self-esteem or social approval (don’t need to survive, learned)
A need produces a drive
Hunger drives us to eat
Fatigue drives us to rest
Something that motivates us moves us to action

8. Criticisms of Drive-Reduction Theory
According to the Drive-Reduction Theory infant become attached to their mothers because they usually relieve such drives as hunger and thirst
Harry Harlow Monkey
Experiment tested this
Theory
Write a summary (of the
Experiment and how Harlow
Disproves the Drive-Reduction
Theory (1 paragraph = 5-8 sentences)

9. Incentive Theory
Incentives are an external stimulus (environment) reinforcer, or reward that motivates behavior
Drives and Incentives work together
Hunger may cause you to walk to the McDonalds (drive). The incentive is the cheeseburger and fries.
Sometimes are drive is so strong that we don’t care if the incentive is weak aka a cafeteria chicken sandwich when your are hungary

10. Cognitive Theory
Actions are the result of Intrinsic & extrinsic motivations

11. Intrinsic v. Extrinsic
Intrinsic: comes from within. We engage in behaviors because they are personally rewarding
Extrinsic: comes from outside. We engage in behaviors that reduce biological needs or help us obtain incentives or external rewards

12. Exit Slip
Explain the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation.