1. Unit 9: The Civil War & Reconstruction - Reconstruction pt. 3

2. Bell Ringer:
What jobs do you think are avaliable after the Civil War? What are the now freed blacks going to do?
-Think about the condiditon of the South, it’s destroyed and businesses are gone…

3. Reconstruction in the South
Majority of the South’s land is owned by a few (10%) of the population
only 2 main jobs that poor blacks and whites can have
sharecropping
tenant farming

4. Reconstruction in the South
„Sharecropping: work the land and harvest crops; give 2\3 of crop to land owner (rent) and freedman keeps 1\3
told what crops to grow by landowner
bought all supplies from the land owner’s store on credit
end of season the 2/3rds crops given to landowner should help cover rent and supplies but NEVER DOES
never ending cycle of debt, which means the sharecropper cannot leave

5. Reconstruction in the South
Tenant Farming
this was renting the land from someone
more independent arrangement for both farmer and landowner
paid cash rent to landowner and then was free to choose and manage his own crop
allowed to live where ever you wanted

6. Reconstruction in the South
Public Schools in the South
Reconstruction led to creation of tax-supported public school system in South
**one of few successes of Reconst.**
South wants it segregated (separation of races)
Radical Republicans wanted integration (white and black students go to school together)

7. Reconstruction in the South
Rise of the Ku Klux Klan
many couldn’t handle equality in the south
they had been taught since birth that blacks were inferior
some turned to terrorism (KKK)
used violence to deny African Americans their new rights (ex: voting)
began as a way to drive out Union troops and regain control of South

8. Reconstruction in the South
Enforcement Acts (1870 & 1871)
aka the KKK Acts
made it a federal crime to interfere with elections
federal marshals supervise elections
outlawed KKK activities

9. Reconstruction in the South
Election of 1876
Rutherford B. Hayes: Republican
Samuel J. Tilden: Democrat
no majority in electoral college
20 electoral votes in dispute in FL, LA, SC, and OR
Tilden won the popular vote
Dems in South used violence and fraud to win many votes

10. Reconstruction in the South
Election of 1876
„Who decides?
Committee was setup to determine the president with members from the Senate, H.O.R., and Supreme Court justices
8 Rep. And 7 Dem.
„A deal (compromise) was struck between the Democrats and Republicans

11. Reconstruction in the South
Compromise of 1877
Hayes becomes President (Republican)
troops taken out of the south
Democrat in Hayes’ cabinet
$$$ for southern internal improvements
this ends Reconstruction

12. “A Truce--Not A Compromise” by Thomas Nast, Feb. 17th, 1877

13. Reconstruction in the South
With the Southerners back in power they began restricting the rights of African Americans
Jim Crow laws: separate but equal

16. Types of Disenfranchisement
Stopping the black vote
„Literacy tests: had to pass a literacy exam to vote
created by southern states
hard questions/oral exams
Democrats got easier questions
„Poll Tax: had to pay a tax to vote
only a few dollars
change times to collect and price

17. Types of Disenfranchisement
„Poor whites were also affected by the poll tax and literacy exam
Grandfather clause allowed whites to vote
if your grandfather could vote before the Civil War, then you could vote
even if you couldn’t pay the poll tax or pass the literacy exam

18. Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896
Plessy was a black man who sued because he was denied a seat on a train reserved for whites.
He said black and white train cars were not equal.
Supreme Court said it was equal.
Separate but equal (segregation) is legal
Things were not equal

19. Resistance to Reconstruction Workseet
Read the different types of resistance to Reconstruction
Sharcropping
KKK
Jim Crow
Voting Tricks
Then on the last sheet, answers the questions based on each type of resistance.
Define what it is?
How did it limit freedom and opportunities for black Americans?