1. South Africa & the fall of Apartheid
By: Emily Beauchamp

2. Apartheid “separation”
Government policy of the white government between
medical care, beaches, education, transport and other public services

4. Nelson Mandela
Born in 1918
mission school education and learnt from stories that his tribal elders told him
Opened the first black law firm in South Africa with Oliver Tambo
Joined the African National Congress (ANC)
Led the party for ten years in the struggle against the racial injustices of apartheid
Jailed for treason for 27 years

5. Perspective #1
B.J. de Klerk- historian and professor at Potchefstroom University, South Africa
Mandela’s role was as a symbol of struggle and reconciliation
“an unassailable icon of struggle against racial injustice who later became an icon of reconciliation”.

7. Perspective #2
Historians C Hefti and E Staehelin-Witt, from the Swiss National Science Fund
Introduced in1986
South Africa’s main trading partners: the US, the EU and Japan.
Main imports sanctioned: steel, iron, uranium, coal, textiles and food
Most critical sanction was the OPEC’s oil embargo.

9. Perspective #3
Alexander Laverty: Historian and university lecturer at the University of Southern California in Public Diplomacy
Main sports: rugby, cricket and football
Whites played rugby, blacks played football
Suspended from 1961 FIFA world cup, banned from 1964 Tokyo Olympics
Massive protests on the 1981 Springbok tour to New Zealand

10. My Perspective
the apartheid regime and the white south African government were destined to fall and fail.
Sporting and economic sanctions speeded up the process
a combination of sanctions and the role of Nelson Mandela as a symbol of black struggle against racial injustice  

11. “Never, never and never again shall it be that this beautiful land will again experience the oppression of one by another.” – Nelson Mandela