1. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho DISASTER PLANNING: BY DESIGN

2. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho DISASTER PLANNING: BY DESIGN PRESENTATION DISCLAIMERS: There are NO silver bullets; It is NOT rocket science; Applies to new construction, renovations, and on-going operations I am just an architect !!!

3. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho DISASTER PLANNING: BY DESIGN Learning objectives: Good design can greatly reduce man-made disasters; Identifying and eliminating Single-points-of-failure is critical to disaster planning; Operations and maintenance play key roles in preventing man-made disasters

4. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho What we think of as Disasters!!

5. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho History does Repeat Itself!!!

6. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho

7. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho Why is the basement so popular? Out of site; out of mind Perceived safety No windows; least desirable location Lower costs

8. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho

9. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho DISASTER any natural or manmade incident, including terrorism, which results in extraordinary levels of mass casualties (humans and/or animals), damage or disruption, severely affecting the population, infrastructure, environment, economy, national morale and/or government functions. FEMA

10. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho Natural disasters make big headlines; but, what are the more likely EVENTS: Facility failures Operational failures Personnel failures

11. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho MOLD DAMAGE BROKEN PIPES FAILED INFRASTRUCTURE BROKEN PIPES FAILED HVAC SYSTEMS Regularly Occuring Disasters

12. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho SINGLE POINT OF FAILURE Every system WILL fail, count on it! Plan, design, engineer, educate and train to eliminate or provide redundancy for every critical system. Eliminate, or plan for, every possible single point of failure.

13. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho Identify all Critical systems: Life safety Animal health & safety Research integrity SINGLE POINT OF FAILURE

14. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho Identify all Critical systems: Site Building MEP Systems Operations Personnel

15. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho Site selection: Flood plain, earthquake zone: Know what you are getting into, and plan accordingly; Utility services: Redundant electrical service; reliable, campus provided utilities; waste & trash services Security: Limit public access; supports controlled entries; access to public safety; coordinate with ALL first responders; Access: good service access; safe for staff and users; eliminate potential blockages; Expansion capabilities: design to support strategic plans, plan for the future needs. SINGLE POINT OF FAILURE

16. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho SINGLE POINT OF FAILURE Facility planning: Plan to minimize cross-contamination and disease spreading, thru circulation patterns and clean/dirty separation; Use flow diagrams of all critical operations to identify single points of failure.

17. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho Facility planning: Adaptable plans for animal holding rooms & procedure rooms; eliminate one of a kind critical spaces; Create directional air-flow map for all critical spaces; provide for adaptability; Caging systems are often first line of defense; selection is critical and should be done early in the process; Plan for maintenance, or it wont happen. Allow for periodic (PLANNED) shut-downs. SINGLE POINT OF FAILURE

18. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho LEVELS OF PROTECTION The Cage: IVC vs Static The animal holding room: Controlled air pressure The suite: Floor isolation

19. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho Identify all Critical systems: MEP Systems: To be discussed in separate presentation, but pay attention, it is really important!!! SINGLE POINT OF FAILURE

20. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho SINGLE POINT OF FAILURE OPERATIONS Equipment: Careful selection is required Cage/rack washer: most flexible Tunnel washer: high thru-put

21. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho OPERATIONS Equipment: Autoclave: High maintenance Auto-water system: Bottles, pouches, (is potable OK) Bedding supply & disposal: Options Surgery/procedure: Emergency SINGLE POINT OF FAILURE

22. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho SINGLE POINT OF FAILURE OPERATIONS Equipment: Need redundancy Buy quality Minimize complexities Spare parts (long lead items, critical components) Perform maintenance (service agreements) Cross-train staff

23. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho STAFF MECHANICAL PRIMATE HOLDING PRIMATE LOCKERS PRIMATE CAGEWASH RODENT HOLDING RABBIT HOLDING PHARMACY CANINE HOLDING CONVENTIONAL CAGE WASH REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LABORATORIES CONVENTIONAL LOADING DOCK LOBBY/MAIN ENTRY MAIN LOCKERS

24. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho Clean and dirty separation Animal and personnel separation Suite design LEVELS OF PROTECTION

25. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho SINGLE POINT OF FAILURE LARGE RODENT FACILITY Design Strategies: Suite design Redundant cage processing equipment Secured location Emergency power

26. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho SINGLE POINT OF FAILURE SURGICAL SUITE Design Strategies: Suite design (2 room design) Redundant surgical equipment Secured location Emergency power Cross-trained staff

27. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho SINGLE POINT OF FAILURE Design Strategies: Suite design Dedicated procedure rooms Elevated above flood plain Emergency power Clean/dirty corridors Dedicated elevator system LARGE RODENT BARRIER FACILITY

28. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho SINGLE POINT OF FAILURE LARGE RODENT BARRIER FACILITY Design Strategies: Dedicated procedure rooms (2 per AHR) Supports PI and animal care staff simultaneously 3 Biological safety cabinets/2 Cage Change Stations

29. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho SINGLE POINT OF FAILURE Design Strategies: Adaptable room design; supports multiple species; Positive or negative air flow; Individual cage environment Emergency powered equipment Maintained spare parts

30. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho SINGLE POINT OF FAILURE SECURITY: Its all about your RISKS Access Control CCTV Recognition/Bio-Metrics Intruder Detection Systems Protection Fire Alarm Systems Blast Resistant Construction SECURITY SYSTEMS

31. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho YOU GET WHAT YOU PAY FOR Know what systems should costs, so you can compare YOUR project and understand the financial priorities; Value engineering is usually neither, be careful.

32. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho SINGLE POINT OF FAILURE DEFERRED MAINTENANCE

33. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho YOU GET WHAT YOU PAY FOR Securing O & M funds is crucial; Simplify when possible; Establish and follow priorities, it is easy to get off track. Vivarium maintenance costs: $400 to $600 per square foot to construct: 1% to 2% annual maintenance costs: $4 to $12 per square foot per year

34. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho SINGLE POINT OF FAILURE People and Operations: Cross train staff; all jobs are critical Train other staff to cover in an emergency Train animal care staff in basic building systems management Take time with new hires; triple check references Plan for disease management/isolation/treatment Enforce discipline

35. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho SINGLE POINT OF FAILURE Why are we having these issues NOW! Aging infrastructure Reduced O & M budgets Reduced research funding at all levels Shifting priorities

36. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho YOU GET WHAT YOU PAY FOR O & M COST MANAGEMENT: Document your costs; Support negotiating for higher ICR rate for animal research; Take charge, Institutional support is waning.

37. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho NhRP: legal personhood of research animals A New Challenge: OR THE NEXT GREAT DISASTER

38. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho Replace animals with technology OUR FUTURE? Toxicology robot

39. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho SO WHATS IT REALLY TAKE? A PLAN; APPLIED WITH: COMMON SENSE HARD WORK AND A BIT OF LUCK

40. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho DISASTER PLANNING: BY DESIGN ITS WHAT I DO His calling is as old as time. It is, will be and was. Through blizzards, bogs and bob wire fence He stands against the pestilence And though he feigns indifference, hes proud of what he does. Baxter Black: Cowboy DVM

41. BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur dAlene, Idaho DISCUSSIONDISCUSSION