Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

The Human Body: An Orientation: Part B

Published byVivien Warren Modified over 5 years ago

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "The Human Body: An Orientation: Part B"— Presentation transcript:

1 The Human Body: An Orientation: Part B
1 The Human Body: An Orientation: Part B

2 Standard anatomical body position:
Anatomical Position Standard anatomical body position: Body erect Feet slightly apart Palms facing forward

3 Cephalic Upper limb Frontal Acromial Orbital Brachial (arm) Nasal
Antecubital Oral Antebrachial (forearm) Mental Cervical Carpal (wrist) Manus (hand) Thoracic Palmar Axillary Pollex Mammary Digital Sternal Abdominal Lower limb Umbilical Coxal (hip) Pelvic Femoral (thigh) Inguinal (groin) Patellar Crural (leg) Pubic (genital) Fibular or peroneal Pedal (foot) Tarsal (ankle) Thorax Metatarsal Abdomen Digital Back (Dorsum) Hallux (a) Anterior/Ventral Figure 1.7a

4 Table 1.1

5 Table 1.1

6 Table 1.1

7 Table 1.1

8 Table 1.1

9 Two major divisions of body:
Regional Terms Two major divisions of body: Axial Head, neck, and trunk Appendicular Limbs Regional terms designate specific areas

10 Cephalic Upper limb Frontal Acromial Orbital Brachial (arm) Nasal
Antecubital Oral Antebrachial (forearm) Mental Cervical Carpal (wrist) Manus (hand) Thoracic Palmar Axillary Pollex Mammary Digital Sternal Abdominal Lower limb Umbilical Coxal (hip) Pelvic Femoral (thigh) Inguinal (groin) Patellar Crural (leg) Pubic (genital) Fibular or peroneal Pedal (foot) Tarsal (ankle) Thorax Metatarsal Abdomen Digital Back (Dorsum) Hallux (a) Anterior/Ventral Figure 1.7a

11 Upper limb Cephalic Acromial Otic Brachial (arm) Occipital (back
of head) Olecranal Antebrachial (forearm) Cervical Back (dorsal) Manus (hand) Scapular Metacarpal Vertebral Digital Lumbar Lower limb Sacral Femoral (thigh) Gluteal Popliteal Perineal (between anus and external genitalia) Sural (calf) Fibular or peroneal Pedal (foot) Thorax Abdomen Back (Dorsum) Calcaneal Plantar (b) Posterior/Dorsal Figure 1.7b

12 Body Planes Plane: Flat surface along which body or structure is cut for anatomical study

13 Midsagittal (median) plane
Body Planes Sagittal plane Divides body vertically into right and left parts Produces a sagittal section Midsagittal (median) plane Lies on midline Parasagittal plane Not on midline

14 Frontal (coronal) plane
Body Planes Frontal (coronal) plane Divides body vertically into anterior and posterior parts Transverse (horizontal) plane Divides body horizontally into superior and inferior parts Produces a cross section Oblique section Cuts made diagonally

15 Median (midsagittal) plane
Frontal plane Median (midsagittal) plane Transverse plane (a) Frontal section (through torso) (b) Transverse section (through torso, inferior view) (c) Median section (midsagittal) Pancreas Aorta Spleen Left and right lungs Liver Heart Spleen Liver Spinal cord Rectum Intestines Body wall Stomach Arm Vertebral column Subcutaneous fat layer Figure 1.8

16 Anatomical Variability
Over 90% of all anatomical structures match textbook descriptions, but: Nerves or blood vessels may be somewhat out of place Small muscles may be missing

17 Body Cavities Dorsal cavity Two subdivisions: Protects nervous system
Cranial cavity Encases brain Vertebral cavity Encases spinal cord

18 Body Cavities Ventral cavity Houses internal organs (viscera)
Two subdivisions (separated by diaphragm): Thoracic cavity Abdominopelvic cavity

19 Cranial cavity Cranial cavity (contains brain) Dorsal body cavity Ventral body cavity Vertebral cavity Superior mediastinum Dorsal body cavity Thoracic cavity (contains heart and lungs) Pleural cavity Pericardial cavity within the mediastinum Vertebral cavity (contains spinal cord) Ventral body cavity (thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities) Diaphragm Abdominal cavity (contains digestive viscera) Abdomino- pelvic cavity Pelvic cavity (contains urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum) (a) Lateral view (b) Anterior view Figure 1.9a-b

20 Thoracic cavity subdivisions:
Ventral Body Cavities Thoracic cavity subdivisions: Two pleural cavities Each houses a lung Mediastinum Contains pericardial cavity Surrounds thoracic organs Pericardial cavity Encloses heart

21 Abdominopelvic cavity subdivisions:
Ventral Body Cavities Abdominopelvic cavity subdivisions: Abdominal cavity Contains stomach, intestines, spleen, and liver Pelvic cavity Contains urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum

22 Cranial cavity Cranial cavity (contains brain) Dorsal body cavity Ventral body cavity Vertebral cavity Superior mediastinum Dorsal body cavity Thoracic cavity (contains heart and lungs) Pleural cavity Pericardial cavity within the mediastinum Vertebral cavity (contains spinal cord) Ventral body cavity (thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities) Diaphragm Abdominal cavity (contains digestive viscera) Abdomino- pelvic cavity Pelvic cavity (contains urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum) (a) Lateral view (b) Anterior view Figure 1.9a-b

23 Serous Membrane (Serosa)
Thin, double-layered membrane separated by serous fluid Parietal serosa lines internal body walls Visceral serosa covers the internal organs

24 (comparable to parietal serosa)
Outer balloon wall (comparable to parietal serosa) Air (comparable to serous cavity) Inner balloon wall (comparable to visceral serosa) Heart Parietal pericardium Pericardial space with serous fluid Visceral pericardium (b) The serosae associated with the heart. Figure 1.10a-b

25 Abdominopelvic Regions
Nine divisions used primarily by anatomists

26 Right upper Left upper quadrant quadrant (RUQ) (LUQ) Right lower
(RLQ) Left lower quadrant (LLQ) Figure 1.11

27 Abdominopelvic Quadrants
Divisions used primarily by medical personnel

28 Figure 1.12 Liver Diaphragm Right hypochondriac region Left
Epigastric region Gallbladder Stomach Right lumbar region Left lumbar region Ascending colon of large intestine Transverse colon of large intestine Umbilical region Small intestine Descending colon of large intestine Cecum Right iliac (inguinal) region Hypogastric (pubic) region Left iliac (inguinal) region Initial part of sigmoid colon Appendix Urinary bladder (a) Nine regions delineated by four planes (b) Anterior view of the nine regions showing the superficial organs Figure 1.12

29 Other Body Cavities Oral and digestive cavities Nasal cavity Orbital cavities Middle ear cavities Synovial cavities

Download ppt "The Human Body: An Orientation: Part B"

Similar presentations

Anatomical Terminology

Anatomical Terminology
The Human Body: An Orientation Part B

The Human Body: An Orientation Part B
The Language of Anatomy

The Language of Anatomy
Standard anatomical body position:

Standard anatomical body position:
Language of Anatomy. What is this fin called? Language of Anatomy Why is the back of your hand called the dorsal surface?

Language of Anatomy. What is this fin called? Language of Anatomy Why is the back of your hand called the dorsal surface?
Anatomical Position Body erect, feet slightly apart, palms facing forward, thumbs point away from body Figure 1.7a.

Anatomical Position Body erect, feet slightly apart, palms facing forward, thumbs point away from body Figure 1.7a.
Unit 1: Organization of the Body

Unit 1: Organization of the Body
DO NOW WORK Explain in terms of homeostasis why exercise results in increased respiration and heart rates. Are these examples of positive and negative.

DO NOW WORK Explain in terms of homeostasis why exercise results in increased respiration and heart rates. Are these examples of positive and negative.
Directional/Regional Terminology

Directional/Regional Terminology
The Human Body: An Orientation: Part B

The Human Body: An Orientation: Part B
The Human Body: An Orientation Ch. 1a

The Human Body: An Orientation Ch. 1a
A&P 1 Directional Terminology.

A&P 1 Directional Terminology.
1 The Human Body: An Orientation: Part B.

1 The Human Body: An Orientation: Part B.
PowerPoint ® Lecture Slides prepared by Janice Meeking, Mount Royal College C H A P T E R Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Spring 2011 College.

PowerPoint ® Lecture Slides prepared by Janice Meeking, Mount Royal College C H A P T E R Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Spring 2011 College.
Anatomical Terminology Why?  Correct anatomical terminology allows people to communicate effectively and accurately  Body Positions - Anatomical Position:body.

Anatomical Terminology Why?  Correct anatomical terminology allows people to communicate effectively and accurately  Body Positions - Anatomical Position:body.
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Human Anatomy & Physiology, Sixth Edition Elaine N. Marieb PowerPoint ® Lecture.

Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Human Anatomy & Physiology, Sixth Edition Elaine N. Marieb PowerPoint ® Lecture.
The Human Body: An Orientation

The Human Body: An Orientation
Body Regions, Body Cavities and Organ System Overview

Body Regions, Body Cavities and Organ System Overview
Anatomical Position & Directional Terms

Anatomical Position & Directional Terms
PowerPoint ® Lecture Slides prepared by Janice Meeking, Mount Royal College C H A P T E R Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. 1 The Human Body: An.

PowerPoint ® Lecture Slides prepared by Janice Meeking, Mount Royal College C H A P T E R Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. 1 The Human Body: An.

Similar presentations

Ads by Google