1. International experience on how to Evaluate, Validate and Implement
Tools for Integrity and Compliance:
International experience on how to Evaluate, Validate and Implement
29 November 2018
Vilnius, Hotel “Crowne Plaza”
Florian HAUSER
Structural Reform Support Service
European Commission

2. Overview
Building quality of governance and public administration (including integrity & anti-corruption) – how the Commission supports?
e.g. Structural Reform Support Service
What is the Quality Public Administration Toolbox?
What does the Toolbox say about integrity and anti- corruption?

3. EU support to public administration (including integrity)
EU Treaty – rule of law - EU Law - #whistleblower
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (right to quality PA)
Analysis (European Semester, Justice Scoreboard, open data portal)
Financial Management and Control standards in EU funds
EU financial support to pubic administration (ESF/ERDF) – EUR 4.5bln
Legislation (e.g. e-procurement) and guidance (professionalization)
(Soft) standards (e.g. e-government action plan; Tallinn declaration; ISA)
Research funding (Horizon 2020 – e.g. DIGIwhist.eu; anticorrp.eu )
Technical Support (Structural Reform Support Programme – EUR 222 Mio 2017 – 2020)
Networks & projects (DG HOME support & funding)
Coordination & coherence = a challenge…

4. Commission proposal for an EU law on whistleblower protection
(April 2018)

6. 2015
Toolbox
2017 edition

7. Reminder - Why a Toolbox?
Common message & understanding – inside Commission & among Member States
European Semester Analysis - identifies needs for reform & improvement of civil and judicial administration – how to deliver?
EU funding – make the right investment choices?
Technical support – provide the right guidance

8. What is the Toolbox?
Compendium – pooling knowledge & experience from Member States, Commission, international
Non-prescriptive basis for discussion with practitioners and stakeholders; Commission as a facilitator
Theory & Practice – seminars and case examples
More than 20,000 downloads
Five countries translated

9. Style & Readers Guide Green Boxes Blue Boxes Orange Boxes
Compendium style (many sources, underlying messages, lessons, not a roadmap – context may limit transferability) +
Blue Boxes
Commission policy and initiatives
Orange Boxes
Key studies and speeches
Green Boxes
Case studies
Lighter Green
"Cited" from existing studies and guides
Darker Green
Checked with "original sources"
Now pages

10. What's new?
Updated content – new developments (e.g. Tallinn declaration on e- government, procurement package)
New content based on user feedback – performance management, behavioural insights, multi-level governance
More detail/depth – managing integrity and corruption risk
Verified cases examples, new cases (+ 50, now 223 in total, and from all EU Member States)
Inputs from country seminars

11. Themes 2017 edition ALL SUPPORT INTEGRITY!!
Principles & values of good governance
Nine thematic chapters:
Policy-making, implementation and innovation
Ethics, openness and anti-corruption
Government structures – organisation, cooperation and coordination
Organisations – managing performance, quality and people
Service delivery and digitalisation
Business environment
Quality justice systems
Public funds, procurement and EU funds management effectively
Public administration reform – making positive change happen
Some considerations managing Thematic Objective 11
ALL SUPPORT INTEGRITY!!

12. Pathology and cure?
International governance benchmarks (WB, OECD, WEF, etc.) give a snapshot proxy of performance (useful)
BUT – benchmarks don't tell us much about root causes of problems (clientilism, culture)
(Formal) Reforms on paper (job descriptions, evaluations, etc. often not fully implemented – clientilistic system left untouched) – real change?
"Rationalisation" - depletes capacities and knowhow; low morale and apathy

13. Possible way forward…
openness to society, dismantle clientilistic policies
size of public sector is the lesser problem, but irrational structure, uneven allocation of staff
attractiveness as an employer (adequate structures, less bureaucracy, team orientation, mobility)
fight red tape & extend citizens' rights through e-government
make administration a tool for entrepreneurship & growth

14. Where to find? ec.europa.eu/esf/toolbox

15. Outlook From document to interactive tool WIKI style Easy updating
Collaborative

16. Theme 2: Embedding ethical and anti-corruption practices
Quality of Public Administration
“A Toolbox for Practitioners”
Theme 2: Embedding ethical and anti-corruption practices

17. Three questions: Book recommendation How do I get to power?
Where is the money?
How do I stay in power?

18. “Rent seeking” … “Legal corruption”
Plus:
“Rent seeking” … “Legal corruption”

19. When does the risk of corruption arise?
Opportunity (discretionary power + public 'resources')
Constraints (legal + normative)
Risk of corruption

20. Key Questions for ethical and anti-corruption practices
How to set the framework for integrity and combatting corruption?
What role for transparency and accountability play in (re)building public trust?
What preventative measures to strengthen ethical performance and reduce the scope for corruption?
How to detect and act on corruption?

21. 1. Establishing the policy framework
Inspiring examples: UK’s Seven Principles of Public Life; Ireland’s Standards in Public Office Commission
Ethical values and standards
Codes of ethics
Codes of conduct
Risk-based strategies
Anti-corruption strategies
Risk assessment
Laws and regulations
International conventions and principles
National laws, traditions and structures
Integrity coordinators and anti- corruption agencies
Inspiring example: Finland’s “Values in the Daily Job – Civil Servants’ Ethics”
Inspiring example: Lithuania’s Anti-Corruption Strategy & Programmes
Inspiring examples: Slovenia’s sample integrity plan & methodology; Lithuania’s corruption risk analysis
Inspiring example: UK Bribery Act 2010
Inspiring example: Integrity coordination in the Flemish Government, Belgium

22. 2. Building public trust through transparency & accountability
Open government
Public Sector Information Directive
External scrutiny
Strong institutions from outside the executive and judiciary
Civil society organisations
Lobbying
Inspiring examples: Italy’s OpenCoesione open government strategy; UK’s Local Government Transparency Code

23. 3. Promoting integrity and reducing the scope for corruption
Human resources management and training
Identification of sources and risks of corruption
Ethics and dilemma training
Disclosure by public officials
Verification
Unintended consequences
Targeted approach
Simplification, controls and automation
Inspiring examples: Slovene police’s ethics code and training; dilemma training in the Flemish Government
Inspiring example: Detecting health corruption through fraud audit in Calabria, Italy

24. 4. Detecting and acting on corruption
Whistle-blowing mechanisms
Protection of whistle-blowers
Investigation, prosecution and sanctions
Anti-corruption agencies
Punitive sanctions
Inspiring example: UK’s PIDA & the role of PCaW
Inspiring example: Ireland’s Protected Disclosures Act
Special section: Corruption in Health

25. 5. Designing Measures
Effective measures = driven by context, not by theory
Prepare and implement policies and strategies around the equation corruption risk = opportunity – constraints (find balance, build trust)
Systemic approach mindset (not fragmentation), but also behavioural
Take a balanced approach between “rules” and “values” that builds trusts
Ultimate point? Values are internalised, rules are implicit and recourse to enforcement is the last resort (overcontrol = culture of mistrust)
Good governance = ethical administration.

26. Thank you!
Any Questions?