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Urban Land Use
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6 Major Land Uses 1. Residential: homes
2. Transportation: roads, railways 3. Commercial: stores 4. Industrial: (eg. Food packaging plant) 5. Institutional and Public Buildings: schools, hospitals, churches, gov’t offices 6. Open Land/ Parks: vacant land, woodlots, cemeteries, fields
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1. Residential Density (Low, medium & high density)
Types of housing:
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Two factors affect residential density:
1) cost of land: More expensive land = higher residential density (eg. Downtown) WHY? You need more people to live in a smaller area to pay for the price of the land. Lower land cost = lower residential density (eg. Suburbs) WHY?? You don’t need as many people to pay for the price of the land 2) Age of the neighbourhood Older neighbourhoods = high residential density They were formed before most people used cars, so people had to walk or bus to places. Therefore, places were close together (high density)
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2. Transportation Made up of 3 parts: Vehicles
Travel paths: highways, roads Terminal facilities: train station, subway/bus stations…etc
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3. Commercial Centres Areas that buy and sell a small quantity to the local residents
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4. Industrial Land Use Factories and manufacturing Storage warehouses
Shipping centres
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Other factors affecting land use
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1. ZONING Bylaws: laws for municipalities (small localities)
Controls the kind of development in an area Eg. You cannot turn your apartment into a small convenience store!
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2. CLIMATE Cold cities like Montreal and Toronto build underground paths and shopping areas!
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3. URBANIZATION Urbanization (noun) is when cities grow and grow and GROW! Urban Sprawl: growing urban areas (it is a type of urbanization which has a negative connotation). Urban areas spread too quickly, difficult to manage.
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4. THE GREENBELT Protected natural area
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Positives and Negatives of Urbanization
creation of jobs; larger markets for businesses; better stores to shop at; more services available Negatives: more traffic congestion; more air pollution from traffic; loss of green space; loss of farmland
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