1. By William Shakespeare
Julius Caesar
By William Shakespeare
Standards:
1.6 RL, 4.1 SL

2. Rome at the time of Julius Caesar
Rome – Republic (People mattered.)
Senate
Advisory role to those in power.
Elected a dictator in times of crisis
Assembly
Law and legislation for entire Republic. Represented the commoners.
Note: Commoners cannot vote, they are not a part of the Senate or Assembly, but they are represented.

3. The First Triumvirate happens!
So, what is the problem?
The First Triumvirate happens!
Caesar, Pompey and Crassus establish Marshall Law. Take control!
Each man was going to control a specific geographic location.
They expand the Roman Republic territory into Britain. Crassus was killed in battle.
The Senate Pompey.

4. Caesar establishes his power
Senate fears Caesar’s popularity. Votes for Pompey to rule alone.
When Caesar refuses to give up his power, Civil War erupts.
Caesar emerges as the unrivaled leader of the new Roman Empire. (it’s no longer a Republic)
(Marc Antony is a general of Caesar)
The people Caesar!! xoxo
The people view Caesar as one of their own.

5. Maintaining Power Flooded the Senate with his supporters
Gave land to the poor

6. The Second Triumvirate
Octavian, Antony, Lepidus
Eventually only Octavian and Antony
Antony allied with Egypt and Cleopatra but Octavian crushed them.
Antony and Cleopatra fled and committed suicide a year later. (Antony=sword, Cleopatra=snakes)
Octavian ruled = Age of Augustus

7. Important people to know
Julius Caesar - the Roman general who has claimed the role of dictator of the Roman Empire (“Republic”)
Brutus – a Roman nobleman. Caesar’s friend but he participates in the conspiracy. Motivated by his sense of honor.

8. Antony - a loyal friend to Caesar. Motivated by passion.
Cassius – a general. Manipulative and a leader of the conspirators.
Octavius – Caesar’s adopted son and appointed successor. He is travelling abroad. *Grand-nephew* *Historically known as Augustus*
Casca – a conspirator. A tribune (elected to represent the people of Rome).

9. Calphurnia – Caesar’s wife
Portia – Brutus’ wife.
Flavuis and Murellus – Tribunes who condemn the crowd
Cicero – Roman Senator
Lepidus – 3rd member of Antony + Octavius triumvirate.
Decius – member of the conspiracy.

10. Themes to know
Fate vs Free Will: Was Caesar's death fate or did he cause it himself?
Rhetoric and Power: How do speaking abilities relate to the power a character has?
Public vs Private: How do people present themselves in public and which way is better? Which is valued?
Inflexibility vs Compromise: Who survives and thrives? The stubborn or those who compromise?