1. Camera Basics
Digital Photography

2. HOW A DIGITAL CAMERA WORKS

3. All photography is based on light!
Exposure is the total amount of light allowed to fall on the film/image sensor

4. Too much light creates an over- bright image with white spots: parts of the image are Over- Exposed
Too little light creates an under- bright image with black spots: parts of the image are Under- Exposed

5. Exposure can be controlled through two lens settings:
… and Shutter Speed
Aperture…

6. Aperture is the amount of light let through the lens – similar to an eye’s pupil
-Aperture is measured in f-stop numbers
The higher the f-stop, the lower the aperture, the smaller the gap (and vice versa)

7. Low f-stop = High aperture = Large gap = More light = Higher Exposure High f-stop = Low aperture = Small gap = Less light = Lower Exposure

8. Shutter speed
Shutter Speed is the length of time the camera’s lens shutter is open – in other words, how long the camera spends taking the picture

9. Short shutter speed Long shutter speed
Long shutter speeds spend more time letting light in, which can help in dark environments and create artistic blur effects with movement
Short shutter speeds spends less time letting light in, which allows for quicker pictures and the ability to ‘freeze time’ in great detail

10. The longer a picture is being taken, the more chance there is that movement/unsteady camera will cause it to blur – so a fast shutter speed is desirable for sharp snapshots
Using the flash creates enough light to allow a fast shutter speed
very good for capturing movement, but it can lose the background image
No flash
With flash

11. Long shutter speeds (or long exposure) capture more detail in dark scenes and can allow for more elaborate ‘light trail’ effects.

15. iso
In very basic terms, ISO is the level of sensitivity to light of your camera
The lower your iso number, the less sensitive it is to light, while a higher iso number increases the sensitivity of your camera
Using a high iso can create ‘noise’ in your photo

17. link
Here is a youtube link to further explain aperture, shutter speed, and iso
Video link